Crenças e atitudes educativas dos pais e problemas de saúde mental em escolares

• Autor(a) principal: Vitolo, Ymara Lúcia Camargo [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2005
• Outros Autores: Fleitlich-Bilyk, Bacy [UNIFESP], Goodman, Robert, Bordin, Isabel Altenfelder Santos [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102005000500004; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/2737
• topic: Mental health; Child rearing; Child abuse; Health knowledge; Child psychiatry; Cross-sectional studies; Risk factors; Logistic models; Prevalence; Saúde mental; Educação infantil; Maus-tratos infantis; Conhecimentos; Psiquiatria infantil; Estudos transversais; Fatores de risco; Modelos logísticos; Prevalência

OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence and identify the risk factors related to mental health problems among schoolchildren and its possible association with the beliefs and educational attitudes of parents/caretakers. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a stratified probabilistic sample (n=454) of first to third-graders from public and private schools in Southeastern Brazil. Standardized instruments were administered to parents/caretakers by trained interviewers, including screening questionnaires for mental health problems among children and parents/caretakers; a questionnaire on beliefs and attitudes; and a questionnaire for socio-economic status. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: We found 35.2% prevalence of clinical/borderline cases among students. Parents/caretakers that believed in corporal punishment as a child-rearing method used physical aggression towards their children more frequently (64.8%). Logistic regression models showed that the act of hitting the child with a belt was associated to conduct problems and to overall mental health problems among schoolchildren in the presence of other risk factors: child gender (male), parents/caretakers with mental health problems, and adverse socioeconomic conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of mental health problems among schoolchildren and its association with child-rearing methods and mental health problems among parents/caretakers indicate the need for psycho-educational interventions aimed to reduce physical abuse and mental health problems in childhood.