Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2024 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFU |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/41304 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2023.641 |
Resumo: | The present research addresses the complexity of spiritual suffering as an intrinsically human phenomenon that imposes itself upon existence and becomes inevitable. At times, suffering is taken as synonymous with sadness, discouragement, illness, among other emotions and feelings. The ambiguity of interpretations about human existence and its essential characteristics has grown in the scientific and social realms in times of profound suffering and existential emptiness. Therefore, the development of a phenomenology of spiritual suffering based on the phenomenological anthropology of Edith Stein (1891-1942) was fundamental to highlight the need for a clear understanding of the concept of suffering, confronting the growing conceptual distortion and, consequently, the practice that arises amid positivist, materialist, and reductionist approaches present in Philosophy, Psychology, and other sciences dedicated to studying issues related to human beings. Guided by the phenomenological method, the proposal aims to distinguish and define key concepts, such as human being, physical suffering [pain], psychic suffering [psychic disturbance], and spiritual suffering [human suffering]. Careful bibliographic analyses were conducted, as well as a dynamic exploration of texts and examples related to the theme of suffering from other authors such as Viktor Frankl (1905-1997) and Constantin Noica (1909-1987). The biographical and bibliographical review of Edith Stein was important to demonstrate her personal experiences in the experience of suffering. The assimilation of Edmund Husserl's (1859-1938) phenomenology by Stein and her pedagogical and detailed description of the physical, psychic, and spiritual dimensions of the human person provided an in-depth understanding based on the phenomenology of the structure of the Human Person. It was demonstrated that the human being is endowed with freedom and will, so their free acts arise from motivations and are not confined to the determination of psychic causality or any other type of conditioning and determination. The study concludes that suffering, originating from the specific dimension of the human person, the spiritual dimension, unveiled in its eidos, is suffering in itself, properly human, referred to as spiritual suffering. Such suffering may be motivated by moral, existential, or religious issues. The examples of the origin of each type of suffering were demonstrated in the literature of Dostoevsky (1821-1881), Tolstoy (1828-1910), Saint John of the Cross (1542-1591), Saint Teresa of Avila (1515-1582), and the biblical character Job. However, although suffering is originally spiritual, it can reach psychic and physical dimensions, and it can also originate in the spirit following an experience of pain and/or psychic disturbance. This occurs due to the interconnection of the structure of the human person, which is not fragmented and does not accept reductionism regarding what is human. The very division of body, soul, and spirit, elaborated by Stein, is a methodological and pedagogical function for a better understanding of the structure of the Human Person. Finally, the phenomenology developed in this work proves to be fundamental for all practical and theoretical care work for the suffering being because it is by knowing the face of suffering that one can care for those who suffer, and it is guided by meaning that one can overcome existential emptiness. |
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Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith SteinA phenomenology of spiritual suffering: contributions from Edith Stein's phenomenological anthropologyEine Phänomenologie spirituellen Leidens: Beiträge aus Edith Steins phänomenologischer AnthropologieSofrimento espiritualFenomenologiaEdith SteinViktor FranklSentido da vidaVazio existencialSpiritual sufferingPhenomenologyMeaning of lifeExistential emptinessCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA::METAFISICACNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::FUNDAMENTOS E MEDIDAS DA PSICOLOGIAFilosofiaTeresa Benedita da Cruz, Santa, 1891-1942 - Crítica e interpretaçãoFrankl, Viktor E. (Viktor Emil), 1905-1997 - Crítica e interpretaçãoFenomenologia existencialODS::ODS 3. Saúde e bem-estar - Assegurar uma vida saudável e promover o bem-estar para todos, em todas as idades.The present research addresses the complexity of spiritual suffering as an intrinsically human phenomenon that imposes itself upon existence and becomes inevitable. At times, suffering is taken as synonymous with sadness, discouragement, illness, among other emotions and feelings. The ambiguity of interpretations about human existence and its essential characteristics has grown in the scientific and social realms in times of profound suffering and existential emptiness. Therefore, the development of a phenomenology of spiritual suffering based on the phenomenological anthropology of Edith Stein (1891-1942) was fundamental to highlight the need for a clear understanding of the concept of suffering, confronting the growing conceptual distortion and, consequently, the practice that arises amid positivist, materialist, and reductionist approaches present in Philosophy, Psychology, and other sciences dedicated to studying issues related to human beings. Guided by the phenomenological method, the proposal aims to distinguish and define key concepts, such as human being, physical suffering [pain], psychic suffering [psychic disturbance], and spiritual suffering [human suffering]. Careful bibliographic analyses were conducted, as well as a dynamic exploration of texts and examples related to the theme of suffering from other authors such as Viktor Frankl (1905-1997) and Constantin Noica (1909-1987). The biographical and bibliographical review of Edith Stein was important to demonstrate her personal experiences in the experience of suffering. The assimilation of Edmund Husserl's (1859-1938) phenomenology by Stein and her pedagogical and detailed description of the physical, psychic, and spiritual dimensions of the human person provided an in-depth understanding based on the phenomenology of the structure of the Human Person. It was demonstrated that the human being is endowed with freedom and will, so their free acts arise from motivations and are not confined to the determination of psychic causality or any other type of conditioning and determination. The study concludes that suffering, originating from the specific dimension of the human person, the spiritual dimension, unveiled in its eidos, is suffering in itself, properly human, referred to as spiritual suffering. Such suffering may be motivated by moral, existential, or religious issues. The examples of the origin of each type of suffering were demonstrated in the literature of Dostoevsky (1821-1881), Tolstoy (1828-1910), Saint John of the Cross (1542-1591), Saint Teresa of Avila (1515-1582), and the biblical character Job. However, although suffering is originally spiritual, it can reach psychic and physical dimensions, and it can also originate in the spirit following an experience of pain and/or psychic disturbance. This occurs due to the interconnection of the structure of the human person, which is not fragmented and does not accept reductionism regarding what is human. The very division of body, soul, and spirit, elaborated by Stein, is a methodological and pedagogical function for a better understanding of the structure of the Human Person. Finally, the phenomenology developed in this work proves to be fundamental for all practical and theoretical care work for the suffering being because it is by knowing the face of suffering that one can care for those who suffer, and it is guided by meaning that one can overcome existential emptiness.Dissertação (Mestrado)A presente pesquisa aborda a complexidade do sofrimento espiritual enquanto fenômeno intrinsecamente humano que se impõe sobre a existência e se torna inevitável. Por vezes, o sofrimento é tomado como sinônimo de tristeza, desânimo, doença, entre outras emoções e sentimentos. A ambiguidade de interpretações acerca da existência humana e suas características essenciais tem crescido no âmbito científico e social em tempos de profundo sofrimento e vazio existencial. Por isso, foi elementar a elaboração de uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual com base na antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein (1891-1942) para destacar a necessidade de uma clara compreensão do conceito de sofrimento, confrontando a crescente distorção conceitual e, consequentemente, prática que surge em meio as abordagens positivistas, materialistas e reducionistas presentes na Filosofia, na Psicologia e em outras ciências que se dedicam a estudar questões acerca do ser humano. Pautada no método fenomenológico, a proposta visa distinguir e definir conceitos-chave, como ser humano, sofrimento físico [dor], sofrimento psíquico [perturbação psíquica] e sofrimento espiritual [sofrimento humano]. Foram feitas criteriosas análises bibliográficas, bem como uma dinamização de textos e exemplos relativos ao tema sofrimento a partir de outros autores como Viktor Frankl (1905-1997) e Constantin Noica (1909-1987). A retomada biográfica e bibliográfica de Edith Stein foram importantes para demonstrar suas experiências pessoais na vivência do sofrimento. A assimilação da fenomenologia de Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) por Stein e a descrição pedagógica e minuciosa das dimensões física, psíquica e espiritual da pessoa humana elaborada por ela proporcionaram uma compreensão aprofundada pautada na fenomenologia da estrutura da Pessoa Humana. Ficou demonstrado que o ser humano é dotado de liberdade e vontade, por isso seus atos livres partem de motivações e não está encerrado na determinação da causalidade psíquica ou qualquer outro tipo de condicionamento e determinação. O estudo conclui que o sofrimento, originário da dimensão específica da pessoa humana, a dimensão espiritual, desvelado no seu eidos, é o sofrimento em si mesmo, o propriamente humano, denominado sofrimento espiritual. Tal sofrimento pode ser motivado por questões morais, existenciais ou religiosas. Os exemplos da origem de cada tipo de sofrimento ficou demonstrado nas literaturas de Dostoiévski (1821-1881), Tolstói (1828-1910), São João da Cruz (1542-1591), Santa Teresa D’Ávila (1515-1582) e o personagem bíblico Jó. Contudo, ainda que o sofrimento seja originariamente espiritual, ele pode alcançar as dimensões psíquica e física, bem como também pode se originar no espírito posteriormente a uma vivência de dor e/ou perturbação psíquica. Isso se dá pela interligação da estrutura da pessoa humana, que não é fragmentada e não aceita reducionismos acerca daquilo que é humano. A própria divisão corpo, alma e espírito, elaborada por Stein, é uma função metodológica e pedagógica para melhor compreensão da estrutura da Pessoa Humana. Enfim, a fenomenologia desenvolvida neste trabalho se mostra fundamental para todo trabalho prático e teórico de cuidado ao ser-sofrente, pois é conhecendo a face do sofrimento que poderá cuidar daquele que sofre, é pautado no sentido que poderá superar o vazio existencial.2026-03-01Universidade Federal de UberlândiaBrasilPrograma de Pós-graduação em FilosofiaGoto, Tommy Akirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0629687499521125Grzibowski, Silvestrehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6586514798766408Aparecida, Turolo Garciahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0684149029939437Mendes, Lucas Oliveira2024-03-04T16:21:42Z2024-03-04T16:21:42Z2024-01-29info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfMENDES, Lucas Oliveira. Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein. 2024. 170 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2024. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2023.641.https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/41304http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2023.641porhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFUinstname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)instacron:UFU2024-03-05T06:19:46Zoai:repositorio.ufu.br:123456789/41304Repositório InstitucionalONGhttp://repositorio.ufu.br/oai/requestdiinf@dirbi.ufu.bropendoar:2024-03-05T06:19:46Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein A phenomenology of spiritual suffering: contributions from Edith Stein's phenomenological anthropology Eine Phänomenologie spirituellen Leidens: Beiträge aus Edith Steins phänomenologischer Anthropologie |
title |
Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein |
spellingShingle |
Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein Mendes, Lucas Oliveira Sofrimento espiritual Fenomenologia Edith Stein Viktor Frankl Sentido da vida Vazio existencial Spiritual suffering Phenomenology Meaning of life Existential emptiness CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA::METAFISICA CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::FUNDAMENTOS E MEDIDAS DA PSICOLOGIA Filosofia Teresa Benedita da Cruz, Santa, 1891-1942 - Crítica e interpretação Frankl, Viktor E. (Viktor Emil), 1905-1997 - Crítica e interpretação Fenomenologia existencial ODS::ODS 3. Saúde e bem-estar - Assegurar uma vida saudável e promover o bem-estar para todos, em todas as idades. |
title_short |
Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein |
title_full |
Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein |
title_fullStr |
Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein |
title_full_unstemmed |
Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein |
title_sort |
Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein |
author |
Mendes, Lucas Oliveira |
author_facet |
Mendes, Lucas Oliveira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Goto, Tommy Akira http://lattes.cnpq.br/0629687499521125 Grzibowski, Silvestre http://lattes.cnpq.br/6586514798766408 Aparecida, Turolo Garcia http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684149029939437 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Mendes, Lucas Oliveira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Sofrimento espiritual Fenomenologia Edith Stein Viktor Frankl Sentido da vida Vazio existencial Spiritual suffering Phenomenology Meaning of life Existential emptiness CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA::METAFISICA CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::FUNDAMENTOS E MEDIDAS DA PSICOLOGIA Filosofia Teresa Benedita da Cruz, Santa, 1891-1942 - Crítica e interpretação Frankl, Viktor E. (Viktor Emil), 1905-1997 - Crítica e interpretação Fenomenologia existencial ODS::ODS 3. Saúde e bem-estar - Assegurar uma vida saudável e promover o bem-estar para todos, em todas as idades. |
topic |
Sofrimento espiritual Fenomenologia Edith Stein Viktor Frankl Sentido da vida Vazio existencial Spiritual suffering Phenomenology Meaning of life Existential emptiness CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA::METAFISICA CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::FUNDAMENTOS E MEDIDAS DA PSICOLOGIA Filosofia Teresa Benedita da Cruz, Santa, 1891-1942 - Crítica e interpretação Frankl, Viktor E. (Viktor Emil), 1905-1997 - Crítica e interpretação Fenomenologia existencial ODS::ODS 3. Saúde e bem-estar - Assegurar uma vida saudável e promover o bem-estar para todos, em todas as idades. |
description |
The present research addresses the complexity of spiritual suffering as an intrinsically human phenomenon that imposes itself upon existence and becomes inevitable. At times, suffering is taken as synonymous with sadness, discouragement, illness, among other emotions and feelings. The ambiguity of interpretations about human existence and its essential characteristics has grown in the scientific and social realms in times of profound suffering and existential emptiness. Therefore, the development of a phenomenology of spiritual suffering based on the phenomenological anthropology of Edith Stein (1891-1942) was fundamental to highlight the need for a clear understanding of the concept of suffering, confronting the growing conceptual distortion and, consequently, the practice that arises amid positivist, materialist, and reductionist approaches present in Philosophy, Psychology, and other sciences dedicated to studying issues related to human beings. Guided by the phenomenological method, the proposal aims to distinguish and define key concepts, such as human being, physical suffering [pain], psychic suffering [psychic disturbance], and spiritual suffering [human suffering]. Careful bibliographic analyses were conducted, as well as a dynamic exploration of texts and examples related to the theme of suffering from other authors such as Viktor Frankl (1905-1997) and Constantin Noica (1909-1987). The biographical and bibliographical review of Edith Stein was important to demonstrate her personal experiences in the experience of suffering. The assimilation of Edmund Husserl's (1859-1938) phenomenology by Stein and her pedagogical and detailed description of the physical, psychic, and spiritual dimensions of the human person provided an in-depth understanding based on the phenomenology of the structure of the Human Person. It was demonstrated that the human being is endowed with freedom and will, so their free acts arise from motivations and are not confined to the determination of psychic causality or any other type of conditioning and determination. The study concludes that suffering, originating from the specific dimension of the human person, the spiritual dimension, unveiled in its eidos, is suffering in itself, properly human, referred to as spiritual suffering. Such suffering may be motivated by moral, existential, or religious issues. The examples of the origin of each type of suffering were demonstrated in the literature of Dostoevsky (1821-1881), Tolstoy (1828-1910), Saint John of the Cross (1542-1591), Saint Teresa of Avila (1515-1582), and the biblical character Job. However, although suffering is originally spiritual, it can reach psychic and physical dimensions, and it can also originate in the spirit following an experience of pain and/or psychic disturbance. This occurs due to the interconnection of the structure of the human person, which is not fragmented and does not accept reductionism regarding what is human. The very division of body, soul, and spirit, elaborated by Stein, is a methodological and pedagogical function for a better understanding of the structure of the Human Person. Finally, the phenomenology developed in this work proves to be fundamental for all practical and theoretical care work for the suffering being because it is by knowing the face of suffering that one can care for those who suffer, and it is guided by meaning that one can overcome existential emptiness. |
publishDate |
2024 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-03-04T16:21:42Z 2024-03-04T16:21:42Z 2024-01-29 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
MENDES, Lucas Oliveira. Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein. 2024. 170 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2024. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2023.641. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/41304 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2023.641 |
identifier_str_mv |
MENDES, Lucas Oliveira. Uma fenomenologia do sofrimento espiritual: contribuições da antropologia fenomenológica de Edith Stein. 2024. 170 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2024. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2023.641. |
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https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/41304 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2023.641 |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brasil Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brasil Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia |
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Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) |
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