Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2012 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/60 |
Resumo: | The sanitary and phytosanitary standards are intended to protect animal health, plant and human contaminants against physical, chemical and biological processes that can be transmitted by contaminated food from other countries. Thus, such measures as reducing costs through process standardization, affect trade positively. However, as argued in some studies, these same measures can be used as trade barriers. This study aimed to determine the impact of sanitary and phytosanitary measures - SPS, in the period 2000 to 2009, Brazilian exports of seven fruits, namely: pineapple, banana, cashew, orange, apple, watermelon and grapes. The hypothesis that permeated this study was that the sanitary and phytosanitary measures were restrictive of exports of Brazilian fruits. The theoretical framework was based on theories of international trade that explain the effect of tariff and nontariff barriers in this trade. The analytical framework was composed of the gravity model and the index Market Access Overall Trade restrictiveness index - MAOTRI. To achieve this, we calculated the ad valorem tariff equivalent - AVE of SPS measures and the index MA-OTRI. Through the analysis of stroke rate, which measures the impact of SPS measures equivalent to a tariff, which was verified in years these measures have served as barriers to trade and what their impact on Brazilian exports of fruits in the study. From these results we calculated two indices MA-OTRI, one taking into account the effects of SPS measures and tariffs (index MA-OTRIsps) and the other only tariffs (index MA-OTRI). The difference between the two indices show the effect of SPS measures in fruit exports. The results found for the stroke rate, we can infer that the sanitary and phytosanitary measures acted ambiguously as it had years in which those measures were barriers and other trade, trade facilitation. When acted as barriers, the effect such measures was significant, and in several cases the values found exceeding 20%. By the indices MAOTRIsps and MA-OTRI, it can be stated that SPS measures have restricted exports of the following fruits: banana, in 2001 and 2003; cashew nuts in 2003, 2004 and 2008, and apple in 2004. In other fruits, it can be inferred that the sanitary and phytosanitary standards do not restrict trade. The main countries reporting to the WTO SPS measures were Japan, the United States and the European Union. SPS measures notified to the WTO and were restricting exports of fruits were related to food safety, animal health, plant health standards, maximum residue limits, Pesticides and pests. The results allow a better understanding of the effects that sanitary and phytosanitary measures have on the exports of Brazilian fruit and provide subsidies to decision makers from public and private fruit production chain in Brazil. |
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Alves, Greigiano Joséhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9739935534175062Silva, Orlando Monteiro dahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781281D9Braga, Marcelo Joséhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798666D3Gomes, Marília Fernandes Macielhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780074U1Lírio, Viviani Silvahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4763739E6Mendonça, Talles Girardi dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4012590771325158Cunha, Dênis Antônio dahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/10336589512522422015-03-19T19:30:09Z2012-08-302015-03-19T19:30:09Z2012-02-14ALVES, Greigiano José. Impact of non-tariff measures in Brazilian fruit trees. 2012. 116 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/60The sanitary and phytosanitary standards are intended to protect animal health, plant and human contaminants against physical, chemical and biological processes that can be transmitted by contaminated food from other countries. Thus, such measures as reducing costs through process standardization, affect trade positively. However, as argued in some studies, these same measures can be used as trade barriers. This study aimed to determine the impact of sanitary and phytosanitary measures - SPS, in the period 2000 to 2009, Brazilian exports of seven fruits, namely: pineapple, banana, cashew, orange, apple, watermelon and grapes. The hypothesis that permeated this study was that the sanitary and phytosanitary measures were restrictive of exports of Brazilian fruits. The theoretical framework was based on theories of international trade that explain the effect of tariff and nontariff barriers in this trade. The analytical framework was composed of the gravity model and the index Market Access Overall Trade restrictiveness index - MAOTRI. To achieve this, we calculated the ad valorem tariff equivalent - AVE of SPS measures and the index MA-OTRI. Through the analysis of stroke rate, which measures the impact of SPS measures equivalent to a tariff, which was verified in years these measures have served as barriers to trade and what their impact on Brazilian exports of fruits in the study. From these results we calculated two indices MA-OTRI, one taking into account the effects of SPS measures and tariffs (index MA-OTRIsps) and the other only tariffs (index MA-OTRI). The difference between the two indices show the effect of SPS measures in fruit exports. The results found for the stroke rate, we can infer that the sanitary and phytosanitary measures acted ambiguously as it had years in which those measures were barriers and other trade, trade facilitation. When acted as barriers, the effect such measures was significant, and in several cases the values found exceeding 20%. By the indices MAOTRIsps and MA-OTRI, it can be stated that SPS measures have restricted exports of the following fruits: banana, in 2001 and 2003; cashew nuts in 2003, 2004 and 2008, and apple in 2004. In other fruits, it can be inferred that the sanitary and phytosanitary standards do not restrict trade. The main countries reporting to the WTO SPS measures were Japan, the United States and the European Union. SPS measures notified to the WTO and were restricting exports of fruits were related to food safety, animal health, plant health standards, maximum residue limits, Pesticides and pests. The results allow a better understanding of the effects that sanitary and phytosanitary measures have on the exports of Brazilian fruit and provide subsidies to decision makers from public and private fruit production chain in Brazil.As medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias são normas que visam proteger a saúde animal, vegetal e humana contra contaminantes físicos, químicos e biológicos que possam ser transmitidos por alimentos contaminados provenientes de outros países. Dessa forma, tais medidas, quando reduzem custos através do processo de normatização, afetam o comércio de forma positiva. No entanto, conforme argumentado em alguns trabalhos, essas mesmas medidas podem ser usadas como barreiras ao comércio. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o impacto das medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias SPS, no período de 2000 a 2009, nas exportações brasileiras de sete frutas, a saber: abacaxi, banana, castanha de caju, laranja, maçã, melancia e uva. A hipótese que permeou este estudo foi de que as medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias foram restritivas às exportações de frutas brasileiras. O referencial teórico baseou-se em teorias do comércio internacional que explicam o efeito das barreiras tarifárias e não tarifárias neste tipo de comércio. O referencial analítico foi composto pelo modelo gravitacional e pelo índice Market Access Overall Trade Restrictiveness Index MA-OTRI. Para alcançar tal objetivo, calcularam-se a tarifa ad valorem equivalente AVE das medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias e o índice MA-OTRI. Por meio da análise da tarifa AVE, que mensura o impacto das medidas SPS equivalente a uma tarifa, foi verificado em quais anos essas medidas atuaram como barreiras ao comércio e qual o impacto delas nas exportações brasileiras das frutas em estudo. A partir desses resultados foram calculados dois índices MA-OTRI, um levando em consideração os efeitos das medidas SPS e das tarifas (índice MA-OTRIsps) e, o outro, apenas os efeitos das tarifas (índice MA-OTRI). A diferença entre os dois índices mostra o efeito das medidas SPS nas exportações de frutas. Pelos resultados encontrados para a tarifa AVE, pode-se inferir que as medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias atuaram de forma ambígua, uma vez que tiveram anos em que essas medidas foram barreiras ao comércio e, em outros, facilitadoras do comércio. Quando atuaram como barreiras, o efeito dessas medidas foi significativo, sendo em diversos casos os valores encontrados superiores a 20%. Pelos índices MA-OTRIsps e MA-OTRI, pode-se afirmar que as medidas SPS restringiram as exportações das seguintes frutas: banana, em 2001 e 2003; castanha de caju, em 2003, 2004 e 2008; e maçã no ano de 2004. Para as demais frutas, pode-se inferir que as normas sanitárias e fitossanitárias não restringiram o comércio. Os principais países que notificaram medidas SPS à OMC foram o Japão, os Estados Unidos e a União Europeia. As medidas SPS notificadas à OMC e que foram restritivas às exportações de frutas foram referentes a segurança alimentar, saúde animal, normas fitossanitárias, limites máximos de resíduos, pesticidas e pragas. Os resultados permitiram a melhor compreensão dos efeitos que as medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias possuem sobre as exportações das frutas brasileiras e fornecem subsídios aos tomadores de decisões públicos e privados da cadeia produtiva de frutas no Brasil.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Geraisapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaMestrado em Economia AplicadaUFVBREconomia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos RecursosFruticultura brasileiraModelo gravitacionalÍndice de restritividadeMedidas sanitárias fitossanitáriasBrazilian fruit treesGravity modelRestrictiveness indexSanitary and phytosanitary standardsCNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INTERNACIONALImpacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileiraImpact of non-tariff measures in Brazilian fruit treesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf1168280https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/60/1/texto%20completo.pdf31a32ee65e0203f1e4e4c9951b9c3290MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain201310https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/60/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txt7804fdded0b21e2f7deed876e44c82c0MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3608https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/60/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg9d1c0ae472a4a3b53882dffc537d8cfaMD53123456789/602016-04-06 07:57:58.277oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/60Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-06T10:57:58LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Impact of non-tariff measures in Brazilian fruit trees |
title |
Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira |
spellingShingle |
Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira Alves, Greigiano José Fruticultura brasileira Modelo gravitacional Índice de restritividade Medidas sanitárias fitossanitárias Brazilian fruit trees Gravity model Restrictiveness index Sanitary and phytosanitary standards CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL |
title_short |
Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira |
title_full |
Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira |
title_fullStr |
Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira |
title_sort |
Impacto de medidas não tarifárias na fruticultura brasileira |
author |
Alves, Greigiano José |
author_facet |
Alves, Greigiano José |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9739935534175062 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Alves, Greigiano José |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Orlando Monteiro da |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781281D9 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv |
Braga, Marcelo José |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798666D3 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Gomes, Marília Fernandes Maciel |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780074U1 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Lírio, Viviani Silva |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4763739E6 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Mendonça, Talles Girardi de |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4012590771325158 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Cunha, Dênis Antônio da |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1033658951252242 |
contributor_str_mv |
Silva, Orlando Monteiro da Braga, Marcelo José Gomes, Marília Fernandes Maciel Lírio, Viviani Silva Mendonça, Talles Girardi de Cunha, Dênis Antônio da |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Fruticultura brasileira Modelo gravitacional Índice de restritividade Medidas sanitárias fitossanitárias |
topic |
Fruticultura brasileira Modelo gravitacional Índice de restritividade Medidas sanitárias fitossanitárias Brazilian fruit trees Gravity model Restrictiveness index Sanitary and phytosanitary standards CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Brazilian fruit trees Gravity model Restrictiveness index Sanitary and phytosanitary standards |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL |
description |
The sanitary and phytosanitary standards are intended to protect animal health, plant and human contaminants against physical, chemical and biological processes that can be transmitted by contaminated food from other countries. Thus, such measures as reducing costs through process standardization, affect trade positively. However, as argued in some studies, these same measures can be used as trade barriers. This study aimed to determine the impact of sanitary and phytosanitary measures - SPS, in the period 2000 to 2009, Brazilian exports of seven fruits, namely: pineapple, banana, cashew, orange, apple, watermelon and grapes. The hypothesis that permeated this study was that the sanitary and phytosanitary measures were restrictive of exports of Brazilian fruits. The theoretical framework was based on theories of international trade that explain the effect of tariff and nontariff barriers in this trade. The analytical framework was composed of the gravity model and the index Market Access Overall Trade restrictiveness index - MAOTRI. To achieve this, we calculated the ad valorem tariff equivalent - AVE of SPS measures and the index MA-OTRI. Through the analysis of stroke rate, which measures the impact of SPS measures equivalent to a tariff, which was verified in years these measures have served as barriers to trade and what their impact on Brazilian exports of fruits in the study. From these results we calculated two indices MA-OTRI, one taking into account the effects of SPS measures and tariffs (index MA-OTRIsps) and the other only tariffs (index MA-OTRI). The difference between the two indices show the effect of SPS measures in fruit exports. The results found for the stroke rate, we can infer that the sanitary and phytosanitary measures acted ambiguously as it had years in which those measures were barriers and other trade, trade facilitation. When acted as barriers, the effect such measures was significant, and in several cases the values found exceeding 20%. By the indices MAOTRIsps and MA-OTRI, it can be stated that SPS measures have restricted exports of the following fruits: banana, in 2001 and 2003; cashew nuts in 2003, 2004 and 2008, and apple in 2004. In other fruits, it can be inferred that the sanitary and phytosanitary standards do not restrict trade. The main countries reporting to the WTO SPS measures were Japan, the United States and the European Union. SPS measures notified to the WTO and were restricting exports of fruits were related to food safety, animal health, plant health standards, maximum residue limits, Pesticides and pests. The results allow a better understanding of the effects that sanitary and phytosanitary measures have on the exports of Brazilian fruit and provide subsidies to decision makers from public and private fruit production chain in Brazil. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2012-08-30 2015-03-19T19:30:09Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2012-02-14 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2015-03-19T19:30:09Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
ALVES, Greigiano José. Impact of non-tariff measures in Brazilian fruit trees. 2012. 116 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/60 |
identifier_str_mv |
ALVES, Greigiano José. Impact of non-tariff measures in Brazilian fruit trees. 2012. 116 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012. |
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http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/60 |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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Mestrado em Economia Aplicada |
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UFV |
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BR |
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Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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