Proposta metodológica para redefinição de limites censitários a partir da estatística espacial e integração dos dados do censo ao cadastro territorial multifinalitário

• Autor(a) principal: Abreu, Marcos Vinicius Sanches
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3769
• topic: Cadastro territorial multifinalitário; Dados censitários; Estatística espacial; Multipurpose cadastre; Census data; Spatial statistic; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL

This work seeks to relate the two main sources of municipal spatial data: Multipurpose Cadastre (MC), which is responsible for physical and territorial information, can be an official inventory of a municipality, storing spatial data from various sources of interest, and the demographic census, which provides demographic and socioeconomic data aggregated by census tracts, which are the smallest unit with identifiable physical boundaries in the field, covering a range of about 250 homes each. It is noteworthy that both often diverge in a local database or do not have compatibility necessary to perform accurate spatial analysis. As the MC is the leading manager and integrator of local information, this paper proposes the compatibility of the geographical structure of the census to the structure proposed by MC. To do so, at first, there was a study on the degree of socioeconomic heterogeneity internal to census tracts, whose definition of the limits does not take into account the criteria of homogeneity of the population included, resulting in loss of information and may mask the reality. The second part involved the application of tools of spatial statistics associated with the GIS to obtain internally homogeneous areas, which are the base of proposing a new definition of census boundaries, and testing for data aggregation in order to minimize the effects of Zoning of the Modifiable Areal Unit Problems (MAUP). Finally, it was made the conceptual proposal for the systematic integration of the census boundaries with the MC, especially being suggested a new concept to the census tract. As a result, it was found that socioeconomic indicators from census data for aggregated sectors are sensitive to the variability of the same. With the second test, it was realized that such sensitivity can be minimized from aggregations of homogeneous data with each other, reducing the effects zoning of the MAUP and validating the proposed detection of homogeneous regions. Regarding the integration of the Census to MC, we have a set of rules and concepts suggested that its realization is possible. As a contribution, we highlight the need to systematize the use of census data, particularly under the new perspective of the MC, as proposed by the Guidelines for the National Cadastre, published by decree No. 511 of 2009 of the Ministry of Cities.