Análise da variabilidade genética da broca-do-café, Hypothenemus hampei no Brasil e avaliação da dispersão local com uso de marcador molecular

• Autor(a) principal: Palacio, Zulma Nancy Gil
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/909
• topic: Broca-do-café; AFLP; Polimorfismo; Coffee berry borer; AFLP; Polymorphism; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE

The study of the movement of insects in their natural habitat is essential to understand its basic biology, demography and ethology, moreover, provides important information on the mechanisms of dispersal of species and their interaction with environmental factors. This type of study also helps in optimization of integrated management programs and planning of field experiments. The objective of this thesis was to develop an easily applicable methodology for studying the movement of the coffee berry borer under natural conditions, was determined for both (i) the variability and genetic structure of populations of the coffee berry borer in Brazil, with the aim of identifying molecular markers, (ii) developed a method to evaluate the movement of H. hampei, using molecular marker and (iii) estimated the distance of flight of this insect. The study was conducted in Brazil and Colombia, in Brazil, we evaluated the variability and genetic structure of populations of the coffee berry borer using AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism,), the results showed a low genetic variability and little differentiation with the Colombian population. Therefore, studies for the movement of H. hampei, we used molecular markers designed previously and Ethiopian populations evaluated in the populations of Colombia. The development of the method to estimate the movement of the coffee berry borer, was held on a farm in the central Colombian coffee, from October 2011 to February 2012, in an experimental area of 2353 plants of (Coffea arabica var. Colombia), distributed in approximately 6644 m2. The recaptures were obtained using coffee beans as traps. The results showed that the microsatellite molecular marker HHK. 1.6 allowed reliable assessments of the movement of populations in the coffee berry borer through time and across generations of the insect. The largest recaptures occurred within a radius of less than 40 m away from the central point of release, the maximum distance traveled to coffee berry borer was 65 m and the function that best describes this relationship, recaptured average number of borer per tree depending on the distance is Ŷ=αβxi where Y is the average of borers per tree recaptured and X the distance expressed in meters. Application of this methodology for studying the movement of H. hampei in different ecological and agronomic conditions of the crop must be viable and help to predict the behavior of this insect.