Qualidade de goiabas ensacadas e manejadas com diferentes produtos fitossanitários, sob manejo orgânico

• Autor(a) principal: Pinheiro, Sarita Socorro Campos
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1203
• topic: Goiaba; Qualidade; Mosca-das-frutas; Controle; Agricultura orgânica; Defensivos vegetais; Guava; Quality; Fruit fly; Control; Organic farming; Pesticides; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

Guava fruit culture presents serious phytosanitary problems usually controlled by the intensive use of chemicals, many of which have not been approved for this purpose. The growing and indiscriminate use of agro chemicals has put the health of consumers and farmers at risk, besides causing serious environmental problems. Faced by these facts, consumers have opted for healthier products, such as organic foods produced without the use of agrochemicals or other substances harmful to health. In organic guava cultivation, several sustainable production principles and practices have been applied to insect/pest and pathogen management, especially to control fruit fly and rust. The measures adopted so far have not been sufficient to maintain the pest population at levels not resulting in economic damage. Thus, this work was carried out at the orchard of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), from March 2004 to December 2005, to evaluate the physical, chemical and visual (commercial) qualities of guava fruit submitted to treatments using different phytosanitary products: bokashi extract (Cb), bokashi extract and Ruta graveolens extract (CbAr), Bordeaux mixture and Ruta graveolens (BAr) Bordeaux mixture/lime sulfur and pyroligneous extract (BSAp), Bordeaux mixture/lime sulfur and Ruta graveolens (BSAr) extract, Bordeaux mixture/lime sulfur and Neem oil (BSN), tebuconazole and trichlorfon (AG), besides a non-treated control (T).The plant fruits submitted to the phytosanitary treatments were packed in three different types of packaging: (waxed paper bag WPB, transparent microperfurated polypropylene bag TMPB, and white plastic bag WPB) and under two developmental stages (diameter: 1.0-1.5 and 2.0-2.5 cm), constituting a 3 x 2 factorial, within each phytosanitary treatment. The experiments were set up in a completely randomized design with three repetitions and 10 fruits per experimental unit. It was concluded that: 1) the alternative phytosanitary treatments did not significantly alter the physical, chemical, and visual qualities of the fruits, although contributing to reduce fruit fly infestation and Conotrachelus psidii MARSHAL; 2) packaging type and especially, fruit diameter at packing, affected the physical quality of the fruits with diameter between 2 and 2.5 cm, which presented superior physical quality and that of fruit packed in white plastic bags, which presented slight physical quality loss; and 3), white plastic bags were more efficient in protecting against fruit fly and provided the guava fruit better visual quality.