A produção do espaço urbano vertical na zona central de Viçosa-MG, no período 1980-2012

• Autor(a) principal: Paula, Karine de Almeida
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2193
• topic: Processo de urbanização; Verticalização; Viçosa; Promotores imobiliários; Urbanization process; Verticalization; Viçosa; Developers; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO

This study aimed to analyze the process of creation of urban vertical space in the central zone of Viçosa, MG, from 1980. Since the 1960s, Viçosa has undergone intense urbanization process mainly motivated by the modernization of the countryside and the expansion plans of UFV. The main characteristics of this process is the intense verticalization of the town center, initiated in 1960, which was accentuated in the 1980s and reached significant levels in the 2000s. To carry out this research, it was used the following methods: literature review; exploratory studies; survey of information from the Municipal Planning Institute of Viçosa (IPLAM), Municipal Treasury Office and the City Hall; and interviews with six real estate agents who work in the city. From the data collected and the analysis, it can be said that the process of verticalization in the center of Viçosa has three main interrelated factors: the high demand for housing in the central area due to the expansion of the universities, especially UFV; the location of the town center, near/adjacent to UFV; the high value of urban land in this area, which has led the developers to occupy the maximum amount allowed by law. It was observed changes on the type of buildings. In 1980 there was a predominance of residential buildings, followed by mixed and commercial ones. On the other hand, in 1990, it prevailed the construction of mixed-use buildings; moreover, it increased the number of commercial buildings. In the 2000s most of the buildings constructed were mixed, followed by residential buildings, and there was a decrease in the number commercial buildings. The investor's participation, especially after the 2000s, was a central factor in the process of verticalization in the town center, enhancing the construction of properties of one and two bedrooms. The expansion of the housing market not only attracted investors, but also new groups of real estate developers, consisting of doctors, traders, liberal professionals. Another fact observed was the significant number of single-family buildings demolished over the past thirty years and replaced by buildings of four or more stores. In summary, the analysis indicated that the process of verticalization in the town center of Viçosa is permeated by conflicts and different interests. In this dispute there is a confluence of interests of the key players responsible for the production of urban space - land owners, construction entrepreneurs, and real estate investors - which, along with the State, format favorable conditions to the process of verticalization. On the other hand, there is the prevalence of the interests of real estate capital, mainly in the definition of both the mode of living in the downtown area, and the residents profile. The research also showed that urbanization process in Viçosa is linked to the expansion of UFV, as well as to the temporal and spatial simultaneity between these processes and the phenomenon of verticalization.