Crescimento e eficiência nutricional de leguminosas arbóreas pioneiras e não pioneiras

• Autor(a) principal: Vieira, Túlio Anselmo Sacramento
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3154
• topic: Eficiência de absorção; Eficiência de translocação; Eficiência de utilização; Macronutrientes; Micronutrientes; Parâmetros; Absorption efficiency; Translocation efficiency; Efficiency of use; Macronutrients; Micronutrients; Parameters; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::SILVICULTURA

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of biomass, morphological parameters of shoots and roots, the partition of nutrients, the absorption efficiency and utilization of macro (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S) and micronutrients (Mn, Cu, Fe e Zn), well as the kinetic parameters (Vmax and Km) of ion absorption to P, N, Ca and Mg in native legume species belonging to different groups of ecological succession. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse and growth chamber of the Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Viçosa (MG), using six leguminous plants belonging to different groups of ecological succession (Pioneer: Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia e Senna multijuga / Non-pioneer: Anadenanthera peregrina, Apuleia leiocarpa, Hymenaea courbaril e Machaerium nictitans), cultivated in nutrient solution. The treatments were represented by six species of seedlings were distributed in a completely randomized design with four replications. Biomass production, morphological parameters of shoots and roots, nutritional contents accumulations; efficiency of absorption, translocation and utilization and the kinetic parameters were determined. For biomass production, when grouped according to the environmental group, the pioneer species stood out in relation to non-pioneer, this behavior was also observed for leaf area, root length and root surface area. No distinction between groups of ecological succession considering mineral nutrient partitioning, however there is distinction between species. For nutritional efficiency, differences in the efficiency of absorption, translocation and utilization of nutrients in relation to species were stated, however was identified distinguish groups of ecological succession for efficiency of utilization. Among the kinetic parameters of ion absorption, only Vmax of P, N, and Mg varied between species and nutrients, showing no contrast ratio according to group of ecological succession, while the Km was statistically different only for N and different species. Apuleia leiocarpa stands out among the other tree legume due to its higher absorption efficiency, greater inflows and power absorption (α), a fact that can is correlated with higher specific leaf and root areas shown by this species. Diagrams were made from the relationships between absorption efficiency and utilization efficiency, and Vmax and Km, allowing classification of the species as the nutritional efficiency and kinetics of ion uptake. The differences identified in this study in native leguminous trees belonging to different successional groups in the seedling stage, suggests the possibility of selection of species for different site conditions, allowing better management of fertilizer according to nutrient demands of the plant species.