Demanda energética de conjuntos mecanizados em diferentes sistemas de manejo do solo para a cultura do milho

• Autor(a) principal: Coelho, Hêner
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/706
• topic: Milho; Consumo de combustível; Preparo convencional; Cultivo mínimo; Corn; Fuel consumption; Minimum tillage; Conventional tillage; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MECANIZACAO AGRICOLA

Soil preparation for deployment of agricultural crops is one of the largest energy and work consuming activities. Therefore, the choice of an appropriate method of tillage includes assessment system for energy and environmental conservation. Reduction in tillage intensity reduces fuel consumption, increases the proportion of power, controls soil erosion, decreases the time and energy necessary for the preparation. This study aimed to evaluate the energy demands of mechanized sets in different tillage systems in corn in Bambuí-MG. The experiment was conducted in the field in the second crop of autumn 2011 at the Federal Institute Minas Gerais Campus Bambuí Fazenda Varginha in Oxisols Ustox. A plot, subplot system , with the systems in the plots, in the subplots the gerars and rotations in a randomized block design with 3 repetitions was used in a total of 81 experimental units. The treatments were: (PC) conventional tillage (CM) and minimum tillage (PD) no tillage, three gears in each treatment (A2, A3 and B1) in three rotations (1600, 1900 and 2200 rpm). During the treatments, time of displacement was monitored, the traction force, the hourly consumption of fuel and tractor slipping . The results concluded that: increasing the speed increases the tensile strength and in theory the work capacity. The Ripper is the implement that requires greater tensile strength. The power at the drawbar behaved according to the tensile strength and moving speed. The hourly consumption of fuel is lower in PD, followed by the CM and PC, and increases with increasing speed. The fuel consumption per area worked is affected by tillage systems, less for PD followed by CM and PC, increasing the speed reduces power consumption by area. Fuel consumption per volume of soil mobilized followed the pattern of consumption per area. Energy demand is lower in PD evaluated in three gears, PC and MC in the gear A2, increasing speed increases the energy demand. Sowing is responsible for the higher rate of skiddind on the PC and PD, the largest landslide for CM is in scarification. The greater depth of seeding is followed by the CM on the PC and PD. The productivity of green mass of matter are higher in PD and less on the PC, the CM is intermediate values.