Avaliações energética e econômica de sistemas de produção de café de montanha

• Autor(a) principal: Palacin, Juan José Fonseca
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/791
• topic: Café; Secagem; Energia; Custo; Coffee; Drying; Energy; Costs; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::ENERGIZACAO RURAL

To guarantee high levels of quality in the coffee it is necessary to use a series of procedures, as, Good Practical Agriculturists (BPA), Good Practical of Daily pay-processing and Good Practical of Processamento (BPP). The definitions and applications of these practical must be adopted in all the chain of coffee production, to transform the agronegócio into an efficient and lucrative activity. Beyond a feasibility study technician, operational and economic, for the implementation of BPA and BPP, producers and industrials they must be intent and organized on the idea and advantages of the adoption of such practical. It was objectified, with this work, to carry through the energy rocking, and the economic analysis for the production of mountain coffee in a farm, implementing good practical in all the chain of production, the daily pay-processing and processing of coffee washed, peeled, desmucilado mecanicamente and dried in conventional cement place of fetichism, comparison with others two processes of drying. In the one of them drying it was carried through in a drying place of fetichism, of fixed stream bed, in leiras, without direct incidence of solar radiation e, in the other, became fullfilled it drying combined in drying place of fetichism of fixed stream bed, in leiras, with warm air distribution until stocking-dries (20 25% b.u.), completing it drying in drying silo, with natural air, until the grains reached the water text between 11 and 12% b.u. The experiment was carried through in a farm 702m of altitude, located in the city of Is Miguel de Anta - MG - Brazil. The used variety of coffee was Catuaí red ancestry with initial age of 3,5 years. The fruits had been harvested by the method of untwining on the cloth in half-selective form. The results allow to conclude that, global the solar radiation was the component of flow of radiation of bigger magnitude, Radiação Fotossintéticamente Ativa (RFA) is the greater component arrives in port in the rocking of energy of the culture. Adopting good procedures that provide the application of practical agriculturists, daily pay-processing and processing, it is possible to get coffee with quality and that the techniques of drying in drying place of fetichism of fixed stream bed, in leiras, with warm air distribution, without solar direct incidence until the end (12% b.u) and the drying in combination, with stocking-it dries (25% b.u) in drying place of fetichism of fixed stream bed, in leiras, without direct incidence of solar radiation, with furnace the indirect fire and firewood as combustible and the complementation of the drying in silos, using air in the ambient temperature, had gotten quality of the coffee more good and can be enclosed inside of the good techniques adopted for practical in the operations of processing guaranteeing the high standard of quality. The average consumptions of energy in first fenológico year 2003/2004 and as fenológico year 2004/2005 evaluated of the culture of the mountain cofee tree in the region of the Zone of mining Mata had been of 23.035.733, 80 MJ/ha and of 24.918.830, 18 MJ/ha respectively. The average consumptions of energy of the processing of drying of coffee peeled and desmucilado of the parcels evaluated in first 668,98 fenológico year 2003/2004 had been of MJ/saca (cemented place of fetichism), 195,55 MJ/saca (drying place of fetichism up to 12%) and 411,52 MJ/saca (agreed drying) and in as fenológico year 2004/2005 evaluated for coffee in coco they had been of 1.201, 50 MJ/saca (352,95 cemented place of fetichism) and of MJ/saca (drying place of fetichism up to 12%) of 60 kg of benefited coffee. The average costs of the processing of drying of coffee peeled and desmucilado of the parcels evaluated in first fenológico year 2003/2004 had been of 6,42/saca R$ (cemented place of fetichism), 5,67/saca R$ (drying place of fetichism up to 12%) and 5,68/saca R$ (agreed drying) and in as fenológico year 2004/2005 evaluated for coffee in coco had been of 16,01/saca R$ (cemented place of fetichism) and of 8,37/saca R$ (drying place of fetichism up to 12%) of 60 kg of benefited coffee. The time of return of the capital (Period of Payback) in this project was of 12 years, that is, the necessary time so that the investments of proper capital integrally are recouped. The Present Value I eliminate (VPL) calculated indicated that the profits of the project remunerate the done investment to the tax of 6% to the year and still they allow to add the value of the company, for all this the project is viable, since the done and projected evaluation has covered the cost of the invested capital and the projected investment. Also, the Internal Tax of Retorno (TIR) was of 7,71%, indicating that Valor Presente Liquido (VPL) of the project becomes null á 7,71% tax, being superior to the tax of discounting used in project (6% to the year), therefore the invested capital integrally will be recouped.