PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior?
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3421 |
Resumo: | The enlargement of the access to Higher education in Brazil has been discussed in political and academic circles. There has been great expansion in Higher Education in the last 20 years in Brazil, especially in the private sector. Throughout the government of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002), the private sector was the main responsible for the creation of new institutions as well as the creation and increase in the number of majors and vacancies when compared to the public sector. During the government of president Lula (2003-2010), the priveleges given to the private sector when it comes to access to High Education was based on an explicit formalization policy. Under the current government, the enlargement of the private sector exacerbates itself when in 2005 the PROUNI (Program University for All) was created. Such program justified its existence on the need to raise the level of education. This need is a consequence of Brazil‟s ranking in the international statistics of education. In addition, it would result in a public policy which would not generate expenses for the government since the Higher Education private institutions would be immune to paying taxes in exchange for enlarging access to their classrooms. The PROUNI is announced as the precursor of the Higher Education democratization. This study aimed to analyze PROUNI as a program which seeks to promote the democratization of Higher education and social justice. Four private institutions of Higher Education located in the city of Belo Horizonte MG were considered. This piece of research was carried out through interviews. The students currently on the program and the headmasters of each institution were interviewed. Documental data from the referred institutions were also considered. Private institutions must have a minimum number of students in the classroom in order for it to exist and even majors must have a minimum number of students. In this sense, PROUNI is fundamental for the survival of private institutions since the students on the program fill in the spots which were not filled by paying students. It could also be observed that despite not having to pay tuition the students currently on the program face several difficulties. These can be financial or even academic and may cause students to drop out. The existence of students enrolled in majors which have social prestige and in highly ranked institutions was identified. The criteria for the ranking of these institutions are defined by the Ministério da Educação (MEC). However, this conclusion is not true for the whole national territory. Finally, it can be considered that the PROUNI is a program which benefits and contributes to the growth of private Higher education institutions. It is thought that the ideal democratization cannot be accomplished through the PROUNI, except for quantitative aspects. The latter can be characterized more as an opportunity of access rather than a real chance of endurance. |
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Martins, Raisa Maria de Arrudahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0330124122903433Lacerda, Wânia Maria Guimarãeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2080955778879818Vieira, Marilene de Melohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7433058984960790Ribeiro, Maria das Graças Marcelohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8454028649004343Martins, André Silvahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/07929553796098322015-03-26T13:20:50Z2012-03-292015-03-26T13:20:50Z2011-06-01MARTINS, Raisa Maria de Arruda. PROUNI: a policy for democratization of Higher education?. 2011. 112 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação, estado e sociedade; formação de professores e práticas educativas) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2011.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3421The enlargement of the access to Higher education in Brazil has been discussed in political and academic circles. There has been great expansion in Higher Education in the last 20 years in Brazil, especially in the private sector. Throughout the government of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002), the private sector was the main responsible for the creation of new institutions as well as the creation and increase in the number of majors and vacancies when compared to the public sector. During the government of president Lula (2003-2010), the priveleges given to the private sector when it comes to access to High Education was based on an explicit formalization policy. Under the current government, the enlargement of the private sector exacerbates itself when in 2005 the PROUNI (Program University for All) was created. Such program justified its existence on the need to raise the level of education. This need is a consequence of Brazil‟s ranking in the international statistics of education. In addition, it would result in a public policy which would not generate expenses for the government since the Higher Education private institutions would be immune to paying taxes in exchange for enlarging access to their classrooms. The PROUNI is announced as the precursor of the Higher Education democratization. This study aimed to analyze PROUNI as a program which seeks to promote the democratization of Higher education and social justice. Four private institutions of Higher Education located in the city of Belo Horizonte MG were considered. This piece of research was carried out through interviews. The students currently on the program and the headmasters of each institution were interviewed. Documental data from the referred institutions were also considered. Private institutions must have a minimum number of students in the classroom in order for it to exist and even majors must have a minimum number of students. In this sense, PROUNI is fundamental for the survival of private institutions since the students on the program fill in the spots which were not filled by paying students. It could also be observed that despite not having to pay tuition the students currently on the program face several difficulties. These can be financial or even academic and may cause students to drop out. The existence of students enrolled in majors which have social prestige and in highly ranked institutions was identified. The criteria for the ranking of these institutions are defined by the Ministério da Educação (MEC). However, this conclusion is not true for the whole national territory. Finally, it can be considered that the PROUNI is a program which benefits and contributes to the growth of private Higher education institutions. It is thought that the ideal democratization cannot be accomplished through the PROUNI, except for quantitative aspects. The latter can be characterized more as an opportunity of access rather than a real chance of endurance.A ampliação do acesso à educação superior, no Brasil, tem sido temática de discussões acadêmicas e políticas. Na história da educação brasileira, destaca-se que os últimos vinte anos registraram uma grande expansão desse nível de ensino, em especial do setor privado. No governo Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002), o setor privado foi o principal responsável pela criação de instituições, criação e aumento do número de cursos e vagas, em detrimento do setor público. No governo Lula (2003-2010), o privilegiamento do setor privado, no que diz respeito ao acesso ao ensino superior, se constituiu de uma política com formalização explícita. Nesse governo, o processo de expansão do setor privado exacerba-se quando, a partir de 2005, é criado o Programa Universidade Para Todos (PROUNI). Tal Programa buscava sua justificativa na necessidade de aumentar a taxa de escolaridade no ensino superior, face à posição ocupada pelo Brasil em relação à estatística de outros países. Além disso, constituía uma política pública que não implicaria em gastos orçamentários para ampliar o acesso à educação superior; pois o Programa se estrutura num contrato de concessão de vagas em troca de isenção tributária. A principal bandeira de propaganda do PROUNI é a democratização do ensino superior. Elegeu-se como objeto desse trabalho o PROUNI, com o objetivo de analisá-lo enquanto Programa que pretende promover a democratização do ensino superior e a justiça social. Como universo da pesquisa, foram selecionadas quatro instituições privadas de ensino superior da cidade de Belo Horizonte MG. Como instrumento de pesquisa utilizou-se a entrevista dos dirigentes das instituições e de alunos bolsistas do PROUNI. Trabalhou-se também com dados documentais das referidas instituições. As análises realizadas indicaram que o PROUNI é fundamental para a sobrevivência das instituições, dado que contribui para o preenchimento de vagas ociosas, impedindo, assim, o fechamento de turmas e cursos. Notou-se, também, que, apesar das bolsas oferecidas, os bolsistas PROUNI enfrentam dificuldades de várias ordens, desde financeiras até acadêmicas, relacionadas ao acompanhamento de disciplinas, o que dificulta a permanência nos cursos. Dentro do recorte proposto pela pesquisa, identificou-se a existência de alunos matriculados em cursos socialmente prestigiados e em instituições bem avaliadas quanto à sua qualidade, de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC). Entretanto, essa constatação não pode ser generalizada em termos nacionais. Finalmente, considera-se, que o PROUNI constitui Programa que beneficia e contribui para a expansão do setor privado de ensino superior. Pensa-se que, o ideal de democratização não se efetiva através do PROUNI, a não ser em caráter quantitativo, caracterizando-se, então, como oportunidade de acesso, e não de permanência.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Geraisapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaMestrado em EducaçãoUFVBREducação, estado e sociedade; formação de professores e práticas educativasEnsino superiorPROUNIDemocratização do Ensino SuperiorHigher educationPROUNIDemocratização do Ensino SuperiorCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAOPROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior?PROUNI: a policy for democratization of Higher education?info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf876214https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/3421/1/texto%20completo.pdff9912984c96781fef0551375f339aaf6MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain237314https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/3421/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txtdd018f417db2e9149bffc11e1af86889MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3572https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/3421/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg70415b5478c107b9bbab457be7ebaf68MD53123456789/34212016-04-09 23:06:10.959oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/3421Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-10T02:06:10LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior? |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
PROUNI: a policy for democratization of Higher education? |
title |
PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior? |
spellingShingle |
PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior? Martins, Raisa Maria de Arruda Ensino superior PROUNI Democratização do Ensino Superior Higher education PROUNI Democratização do Ensino Superior CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO |
title_short |
PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior? |
title_full |
PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior? |
title_fullStr |
PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior? |
title_full_unstemmed |
PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior? |
title_sort |
PROUNI: uma política de democratização do ensino superior? |
author |
Martins, Raisa Maria de Arruda |
author_facet |
Martins, Raisa Maria de Arruda |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0330124122903433 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Martins, Raisa Maria de Arruda |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Lacerda, Wânia Maria Guimarães |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2080955778879818 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv |
Vieira, Marilene de Melo |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7433058984960790 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Ribeiro, Maria das Graças Marcelo |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8454028649004343 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Martins, André Silva |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0792955379609832 |
contributor_str_mv |
Lacerda, Wânia Maria Guimarães Vieira, Marilene de Melo Ribeiro, Maria das Graças Marcelo Martins, André Silva |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Ensino superior PROUNI Democratização do Ensino Superior |
topic |
Ensino superior PROUNI Democratização do Ensino Superior Higher education PROUNI Democratização do Ensino Superior CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Higher education PROUNI Democratização do Ensino Superior |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO |
description |
The enlargement of the access to Higher education in Brazil has been discussed in political and academic circles. There has been great expansion in Higher Education in the last 20 years in Brazil, especially in the private sector. Throughout the government of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002), the private sector was the main responsible for the creation of new institutions as well as the creation and increase in the number of majors and vacancies when compared to the public sector. During the government of president Lula (2003-2010), the priveleges given to the private sector when it comes to access to High Education was based on an explicit formalization policy. Under the current government, the enlargement of the private sector exacerbates itself when in 2005 the PROUNI (Program University for All) was created. Such program justified its existence on the need to raise the level of education. This need is a consequence of Brazil‟s ranking in the international statistics of education. In addition, it would result in a public policy which would not generate expenses for the government since the Higher Education private institutions would be immune to paying taxes in exchange for enlarging access to their classrooms. The PROUNI is announced as the precursor of the Higher Education democratization. This study aimed to analyze PROUNI as a program which seeks to promote the democratization of Higher education and social justice. Four private institutions of Higher Education located in the city of Belo Horizonte MG were considered. This piece of research was carried out through interviews. The students currently on the program and the headmasters of each institution were interviewed. Documental data from the referred institutions were also considered. Private institutions must have a minimum number of students in the classroom in order for it to exist and even majors must have a minimum number of students. In this sense, PROUNI is fundamental for the survival of private institutions since the students on the program fill in the spots which were not filled by paying students. It could also be observed that despite not having to pay tuition the students currently on the program face several difficulties. These can be financial or even academic and may cause students to drop out. The existence of students enrolled in majors which have social prestige and in highly ranked institutions was identified. The criteria for the ranking of these institutions are defined by the Ministério da Educação (MEC). However, this conclusion is not true for the whole national territory. Finally, it can be considered that the PROUNI is a program which benefits and contributes to the growth of private Higher education institutions. It is thought that the ideal democratization cannot be accomplished through the PROUNI, except for quantitative aspects. The latter can be characterized more as an opportunity of access rather than a real chance of endurance. |
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2011 |
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2011-06-01 |
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2012-03-29 2015-03-26T13:20:50Z |
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2015-03-26T13:20:50Z |
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MARTINS, Raisa Maria de Arruda. PROUNI: a policy for democratization of Higher education?. 2011. 112 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação, estado e sociedade; formação de professores e práticas educativas) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2011. |
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http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3421 |
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MARTINS, Raisa Maria de Arruda. PROUNI: a policy for democratization of Higher education?. 2011. 112 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação, estado e sociedade; formação de professores e práticas educativas) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2011. |
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