Resíduos da extração de palmito da Palmeira Real Australiana na alimentação de ovinos e produção de silagem

• Autor(a) principal: Bayão, Geraldo Fábio Viana
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5679
• topic: Nutrição; Silagem; In natura; Ovinos; Resíduos; Nutrition; Silage; Fresh; Sheep; Residue; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL

Two experiments were conducted. The first work aimed to evaluate the voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of the palm heart by-product of Australian royal palm on sheep. Twelve sheep, with average live weight of 23,3 ± 2,8 Kg, were used and placed in metabolism crates distributed in six (2 x 2) alternated Latin Square design. Were used two levels substitutions of sugar cane silage by 5% and 15% palm heart byproduct of Australian royal palm. The residue were used palm sheet, semi-fibrous and composed silage. Were observed higher intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), nonfiber carbohydrates (NFC), digestible organic matter (DOM) (Kg/day) by substitution of composed by-product (P<0,05). In addition, in substitution by B byproduct had higher DM and OM intake expressed as g/Kg live animal weight, while in substitution by F had higher neutral detergent fiber corrected for ashes and protein (NDFap) intake expressed g/Kg live animal weight too. Was observed higher intake of total digestible nutrients (TDN) on substitution by C (427 g/day), F (405 g/day) and B (392 g/day) by-product, respectively. The average values of apparent digestibility of OM, crude protein, ether extract, NDFap and TDN were higher for F by-product whilst apparent digestibility of DM was higher for B by-product. There was interaction between by-product and substitution level (P<0.05) on the urinary excretion of total nitrogen, apparent nitrogen balance and microbial nitrogen compounds. The residues from the royal palm have potential to be used as roughage in the diet of ruminants. There is a need for more research to determine the maximum level of substitution of this residue. The second work aimed to determine chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of by-product silage of extraction of the palm heart of Australian royal palm. Three types of silage were evaluated: palm sheet, semi-fibrous and composed silage. The residue wilted and processed was stored in the PVC experimental silos with a Bunsen type valve distributed in completely randomized design. The wilting increases dry matter (DM) of silage. The crude protein (CP) was lighter in palm sheet and composed silages. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was 71,18; 78,98 and 68,16% for palm sheet, semi-fibrous and composed silage. There were not differences in pH on the C and B silages, with average 3.6; while F silage showed difference with average 4.3. With regard to ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3), were observed lower values for F (0.99%), C (1.80%) and B (4.69%) silages, respectively. For Ca, Mg and Cu contents, F and C silages did not differ significantly, but were higher than content of B silage. B silage had higher Na and K contents than F and C silages; while for Co content, F silage had higher value than B and C silage, respectively. Silage of extraction of the palm heart of Australian royal palm is considered the biochemical point of view as being of good quality. The use of additives could improve the CP content of silage made from residual from the extraction of the palm.