Mobilidade e distribuição de solutos de soro de leite em colunas de solo

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Nara Cristina de Lima
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5427
• topic: Soro de leite; Disposição no solo; Percolado; Milk whey; Available in the soil; Leachate; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO

The present work was conducted in a laboratory and aimed to determine the chemical and biological alterations and mobility and distribution of solutes in the soil after the split application of milk whey, and to characterize the percolates collected after each application. A 2 x 2 factorial design was used in the treatments. A typical Xanthic Haplustox (Red-Yellow Latosol) and a Fluventic Dystrustept (Fluvic Cambisol), collected at the depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, were used. The collecting areas were selected among those which could receive applications of milk whey. Each experimental unit was made of ten PVC rings, with 6,6 cm of internal diameter and 7 cm of height. The columns were arranged in a casualized block experimental design, with five replications. Four applications of milk whey were performed, corresponding to a 0.2 volume of soil pores at each six-day interval. Twenty-four hours after each application, the leachate was removed and the volume was determined. The determinations carried out in the leachates comprised pH, electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), contents of total N, N-NH4 +, N-NO3 -, Na, K, Ca and Mg. At the end of the period of application, the columns were disassembled and the soil contained in the central 5 cm of each ring was analyzed. The analyses comprised: pH in water, electrical conductivity (1:5), total N, NNH4 +, N-NO3 -, Na, K, Ca, Mg, exchangeable Al and available P. It was performed a complementary essay of the C-CO2 evolution in the samples of the two rings located in the extremities of each column. The application of milk whey in the soil as the final destination for this residue is an environmentally viable alternative, provided that a correct handling is observed to avoid problems of superficial sealing, salinization and leaching of undesirable elements. The high milk whey electrolyte concentrations caused a generalized increase in the electrical conductivity, suggesting a tendency to soil salinization. There was a higher increment of the assimilable nitrogen (N-NH4 + e N-NO3 -) in the soil due to the mineralization processes. High concentrations of K, Na and Ca generated the displacement of Mg from the exchange complex and the sharp leaching of this nutrient.