Suplemento alimentar para idosos: efeitos nos parâmetros antropométricos e dietéticos

• Autor(a) principal: Araújo, Larissa Fortunato
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2747
• topic: Idosos; Instituição asilar; Suplemento alimentar; Avaliação antropométrica; Consumo alimentar; Elderly; Nursing home; Food supplement; Anthropometric assessment; Food consumption; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

The population of Latin America and Brazil has been getting older, especially in recent decades. The elderly are in a risk group of deficiency of macro and micronutrients, therefore, often have difficulties in the balance of nutrition of energy and nutrient intake. The objectives of this study were to compare the nutritional classification of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MAN) with the Body Mass Index (BMI) and to evaluate the effect of a nutritional food supplement on anthropometric and dietary parameters in the elderly. First, we applied the MAN, Body weight and height to calculate BMI, which is compared to two classifications in the literature. The study was conducted with 33 institutionalized elderly, including 17 men and 16 women, mean and standard deviation of 74 + 8.3 years. In nutritional classification by MAN, we have the highest percentage of cases of nutritional risk in women 50.00% (n-= 8) and 41.18% (n = 7) in men. There was no undernutrition in either sex. In the classification according to BMI, two (12.50%) women were undernourished, eight (50.00%) with normal weight, and six (37.50%) were overweight. As for the men, the results were four (23.53%), five (29.41%), eight (47.06%), respectively. Using nutritional assessment methods that classify individuals as normal weight, when the MAN classified them at nutritional risk, may promote worsening of undernutrition, in addition to delaying the start of an intervention. The MAN was therefore more sensitive for detecting risk of undernutrition than BMI alone. Subsequently the subjects were offered 30g of dietary supplement for 84 days, once a day, diluted in fruit juice. Its effectiveness was evaluated by anthropometric parameters (before and after supplementation) of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), calf circumference (CC), arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold thickness (TST), arm muscle circumference (AMB), resistance (R), reactance (Xc), fat free mass (FFM), body fat (BF), percentage body fat (%BF), and phase angle (PA) and also by three times on the register of food consumption which was used before, during (40 days) and after supplementation (84 days) and the physical activity level (before and after supplementation). The median consumption of the supplement was 28.2 g/day (10.7 to 30.0 g/day). We observed higher values of AF ° and Xc in women who consumed up to 28.2 g/day, along with these health indicators of the cell membrane and general good health. It was found that the dietary supplement to provide protein and dietary fiber, it was important to the loss of muscle mass that is progressive and physiological, has adapted the intake of dietary fiber that was deficient. This supplement should be recommended for the elderly, especially those in poor health, as well as adequate intake of macronutrients and micronutrients to improve the health of the cell membrane. This is essential for proper physiological functioning and the body's immune system.