Cidadão como um sensor humano voluntário em uma sociedade habilitada espacialmente: um estudo de caso com informação geográfica voluntária na área de segurança pública

• Autor(a) principal: Vidal Filho, Jarbas Nunes
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2652
• topic: Informação geográfica voluntária; Segurança pública; Sociedade habilitada espacialmente; Web 2.0; Estatística especial; Volunteered Geographic Information; Public security; Spatially enabled societ; Web 2.0; Spatial statistics; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::CIENCIA DA COMPUTACAO

Public Security has become a problem throughout Brazil. Every day, journalists disseminate news about the violence in the country, often showing the problems for those responsible for public security; researchers develop studies in order to help the police work; the government invests more in public security; police uses news techniques or tools to fighting crime; and citizens use the resources available to report or prevent an act of violence. However, there is still a lack of tools that approximates population with police. With the evolution of Web 1.0 to Web 2.0, Web collaborative systems emerged which allow users a greater interaction with content available on the Internet, for example, to insert or modify an available data. A new way to produce information based on their geographical coordinates became known as Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), enabling the citizen to voluntarily describe the situation of his/her street, neighborhood or region, whether in public security or any other area. The use of VGI systems facilitates the approach of the citizen with the police, as it gives an idea of total anonymity, which is often not possible using the "190" conventional police service. Furthermore, VGI becomes another parameter to make a spatially enabled society. In this type of society, the citizen can act as a "voluntary human sensor" in his/her area, denouncing, reporting problems of lack of security, registering a police occurrence, reviewing VGI data, among others. The aim of this project is to investigate ways to integrate Web 2.0 tools to support mechanisms for VGI, in order to contribute to a spatially enabled society under Public Security. The idea is that in this kind of society the citizen will act as a "voluntary human sensor" to combat violence, providing and using spatial information available in real time. A VGI system was developed to make the town of Mossoró/RN spatially enabled, allowing that the citizen voluntarily collaborate and also question the quality of VGI data, improving collaboration and removing the credibility of it. In addition, it was conducted a comparative study between the database of the developed system and the official data of military police from Mossoró/RN providing through statistical studies the gain of information to military police with using the VGI system. And using spatial statistics, it was applied the techniques exploratory of areas to investigate four types of police occurrences from VGI and military police databases showing the spatial correlation between the neighborhoods of Mossoró/RN for each of the four types analyzed. Analyzes were compared in both databases in order to identify similarities or differences between the two databases that were spatially analyzed.