Efeito do resfriamento do piso da maternidade sobre o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo de porcas em lactação no verão

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Bruno Alexander Nunes
• Data de Publicação: 2005
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5604
• topic: Bioclimatologia animal; Suíno; Reprodução; Animal bioclimatology; Temperature; Swine; Reproduction; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PRODUCAO ANIMAL::INSTALACOES PARA PRODUCAO ANIMAL

An experiment was realized with the objective of evaluating the effects of cooling the cage floor under the lactating sow on its productive and reproductive performance in conditions of high temperature. Forty crossbred sows (Landrace x Large White) with different parturition orders were used. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized experimental block design, in agreement with the parturition order (1º, 2º, 3º to the 5º and 6º to the 7º) and body weight in two treatments with 20 repetitions, being each animal considered the experimental unit. Treatment 1 corresponded to the cooled floor that was under the sow and the Treatment 2, the witness group (without cooling). The data of the temperature of dry bulb, humidity bulb and black globe were registered in the experimental period and converted in to the index of temperature of black globe and humidity (ITGU), which was used to characterize the thermal environment in which the sows were maintained. The duration of the lactation was of 21 days, and during this period the sows were fed ad libitum with a same diet. It was observed effect (P<0.01) of the treatments on the performance of the sows. The sows submitted to Treatment 1 showed larger (P<0.01) feed intake (6.474 x 5.605 kg/day). Although the females maintained on the cooled floor showed a larger feed intake they also showed a larger loss (P<0.01) of body weight and of corporal protein during the lactation, this fact can probably be attributed to the increase on the milk production capacity. The intake of 61.5 and 53.2 g of daily lysine by the sows fed with the experimental diet, attended to the minimum value of 46 g/day necessary for sows to show minimum of weight loss during the lactation without compromising its performance and the litter s performance. It was also observed difference (P<0.01) among the treatments for the physiologic parameters, with the animals submitted to the cooled floor presenting smaller values in all the evaluated variables (rectal temperature, superficial temperatures and respiratory frequency). The sows maintained on the cooled floor had an increase (P<0.01) on there milk production, consequently, this increase influenced the larger weight gain of the piglets and the litter, as also it was observed smallest (P<0.01) number of days to return to estrus after weaning. It was concluded that cooling the floor under the lactating sow, improves its productive and reproductive performance as well as the performance of its litter.