Análise crítica e histórica de legislações brasileiras e européias relacionadas à produção de carne bovina e avaliação de microrganismos indicadores de higiene e Listeria monocytogenes em carcaças bovinas em linha de abate

• Autor(a) principal: Lafisca, Andrea
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5068
• topic: Listeria; Carne bovina; Indicadores de higiene; Listeria; Beef; Hygiene indicator; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA

Bovine meat production is a fundamental sector of land business in Brazil. Brazil is the second world producer of beef and the first world exporter, to over one hundred countries worldwide. The preservation of these markets depend on the compliance to a broad set of laws established by the importing countries in order to preserve their herds health, consumer protection and to promote the consolidation of international market relationship. Importers countries legislation have always been a model for development of such norms in Brazil. European laws have always been an important model for Brazil, as Europe has been, until the end of the decade of 1990 the most important importer of Brazilian beef. Still today, even if Europe is no longer the most relevant market for Brazilian bovine meat, it requires attention as it pays more than the others to have Brazilian beef. Generally food safety laws are based on the application of worldwide known procedures such as the good handling procedures (GHP) and the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP). The guarantee of microbiological safety of exported beef is certified through the direct search for pathogenic microorganisms or through the indirect search for hygiene indicating bacteria. The most commonly searched bacteria are the mesophilic aerobic count (AM), Enterobacteriaceae (EB), total coliforms (CT) and Escherichia coli (EC). For what concerns to pathogenic bacteria, Listeria monocytogenes stands out for its association to beef products and its high pathogenicity. From September, 2009, until November, 2010, we analysed 103 bovine carcasses slaughtered in 3 abattoirs in the state of Minas Gerais. In any carcass we collected swab samples after bleeding (A), after hide removal (B), after evisceration and carcass splitting (C) and after final washing, before chilling (D). The samples were analysed for the counting of indicating bacteria (AM, EB, CT, EC, using Petrifilm platesTM) and for the presence of Listeria spp. And L. monocytogenes, according to ISO 11.290-1 protocol. Those isolates, suspected to be Listeria spp. Were submitted to a multiplex PCR protocol for the confirmation of genus and the identification of L. monocytogenes. All indicating bacteria showed significant different concentration (P < 0,05) between the point A and the followings. AM also showed significant different concentration between point C ant the others (P < 0,05) and CT showed significant differences between points B and C (P < 0,05). We found Listeria spp. In 28 carcasses. Among these, 4 were positive for L. monocytogenes. The contamination for Listeria spp. was significant concentrated at point A (P < 0,05). For the low number of isolates we couldn t find significant contamination points for L. monocytogenes (P > 0,05), even if it was more concentrated at point A than at the others. The indicating bacteria count and the prevalence of Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes were lower than found in literature, indicating that in the abattoirs we analysed, good hygienic procedures are adopted during slaughtering and carcass processing, helping to obtain a proper reduction of indicating bacteria, Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes.