Farelo de mamona destoxificado na ensilagem de cana-de-açúcar em dietas para ovinos

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Aline Cardoso
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1767
• topic: Composição química; Digestibilidade; Efluentes; Pennisetum Purpureum; Chemical composition; Digestibility; Effluent; Pennisetum Purpureum; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::PASTAGEM E FORRAGICULTURA

The present work was developed by the conduction of two experiments, which generated information that will be presented in the form of four chapters. Initially, it is important to emphasize that the sugar cane used in the experiments that will be described below was ensiled with the addition of detoxified castor meal at four levels 0, 7, 14 and 21% (based on natural matter). In the first chapter the experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion of castor bean meal on chemical-bromatologic, fermentative characteristics and losses DM of sugar cane silage. It was used a completely randomized design with four treatment (0, 7, 14 and 21% natural matter) inclusion of castor bean meal with five replications. PVC silos with 50 cm height and 10 cm diameter were used for silages production, which were opened after 60 days. It was adopted a density of 750 kg of natural matter/m3. The silos were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the trial period to quantify the losses by gases and effluent. The castor bean meal inclusion increased DM and crude protein concentration and reduced neutral detergent fiber, ethanol, N-NH3 and total dry matter losses levels in silages, but did not affect pH. Ethanol production in sugarcane silage was reduced by using additive. In the second chapter the experiment was developed to evaluate intake, digestibility and performance of male lambs Santa Ines fed diets containing silage of sugar cane with increasing levels of castor bean meal. Twenty-four sheep with 25,34 kg of initial body weight (BW) and four months old were used, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The treatments were four levels inclusion 0, 7, 14 and 21% of castor bean meal in the ensiling process of sugar cane. The intakes of dry matter (g / day,% BW eg/BW0, 75), organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, total digestible nutrients, total carbohydrates, metabolic energy and digestible energy were positive quadratic affected by the levels of inclusion of castor bean meal. The intakes of neutral detergent fiber (g / day, % BW eg/ BW0,75) and non-fiber carbohydrates (g/day) increased linearly. Only the digestibility of NDF presented a linear increased, the other nutrients presented positive quadratic effect, with the point of maximum levels between 14.87 and 17.87% of inclusion. The average daily gain (ADG) and total (TG) presented a quadratic effect levels of castor bean meal, with maximum point of 241.64 g / day and 18.12 kg respectively at 16.19% level of inclusion. Feed conversion presented a quadratic behavior with the addition of castor bean meal. In the third chapter the experiment was conducted to evaluate the ingestive behavior of sheep Santa Inês fed diets with different levels of castor bean meal in ensiling of sugar cane. The design and experimental conditions were similar to that related in the second chapter. The intake was quadratic affected while the NDF intake, time in minutes expended in feeding activities, the efficiency of feeding and ruminating (g DM and NDF / hour) linearly increased with the inclusion of castor bean meal in the ensilage process the sugar cane, but the time in minutes expended in idle decreased linearly. The variables time expended in ruminating activity, number of bolus per day and number of chewing per day and bolus, were not affected by inclusion levels of castor bean meal. The addition of castor bean meal in the ensiling of sugar cane promotes improvement in the efficiency of feeding and rumination in Santa Ines sheep. In the fourth chapter The experiment was conducted to evaluate chemical and fatty acids composition in the Longissimus dorsi muscle of male lambs Santa Ines fed diets containing silage from sugar cane with increasing levels of castor bean meal. The design and experimental conditions were similar to that related in the second chapter. No effect of the inclusion of castor bean meal on the percentage of moisture (73.3%), ash (1.1%), crude protein (21.17%) and total lipid (2.1%) in the Longissimus dorsi. The inclusion of levels of castor bean meal did not change the composition of saturated fatty acids (SFA), but influenced the polyunsaturated fat that were reduced linearly. The ration n6: n3, was not influenced by the level of castor bean meal but the proportions remained within recommended limits, what characterizes a healthy meat.