Zoneamento agroclimático do estado da Bahia para a cultura da atemóia (Annona cherimola Mill. x Annona squamosa L.)

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Thieres George Freire da
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5247
• topic: Atemóia; Bahia; Clima; Planejamento agrícola; Solo; Atemoya; Bahia; Climate; Agricultural planning; Soil; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::AGROMETEOROLOGIA

Among a limited number of commercial species of the annonaceae family, atemoya is the one that has received special attention not only by the producers but also by the consumers. Because of the great possibilities of economical return, this specie has become an excellent option for commercial proposit in the last years. The expansion of the atemoya growing areas in the state of Bahia has been accomplished without technical and scientific knowledge of their climatic and pedologic requirements and therefore may result in crop failure or production difficulties in some areas. Thus, the main objective of this work was to carry out an agroclimatic zoning for atemoya cultivation in the state of Bahia in order to help producers, researchers and technicians interested in this crop, as well as to define parameters for financial aid and investment actions in the State. Using pedoclimatic indicators established for this specie and climatic and soil conditions of the state of Bahia, it was possible to observe that the main restrictions to commercial exploration are related to climatic factors. These restrictions were verified, predominantly, in the semi-arid area of the State, where there are thermal excesses and, or, low air relative humidity, associates or not with soil water deficiency during the period of crop production. In the larger part of the State, it was observed suitable conditions under the pedologic point of view while the main limitations are associated with the existence of soils with drainage problems, sodium saturation and, or, salinity, shallow soil or located in lands with wavy slope to strongly wavy slope, which bring cultivation difficulties for obtaining viable production. It was verified that areas with larger possibilities of atemoya cultivation expansion are located in the west and coast of the State. In some districts in which atemoya is cultivated presently, some pedoclimatic restrictions were observed, mainly due to the lack of appropriated climatic conditions. Areas characterized as restricted due to soil water deficiency should have atemoya cultivation motivated by the use of the irrigation, since ideal conditions of the pedologic and climatic factors can provide good income if the producer applies techniques as such pruning, fertilization and artificial pollination. The use of the techniques mentioned previously, associated with the displacement of the main crop blooming period for seasons of mild temperature as well as the use of windbreaks, can increase the production of this specie in areas classified as restricted.