Estabilização da articulação femorotibiopatelar com a fixação dupla da fáscia lata após ruptura experimental do ligamento cruzado cranial em cães

• Autor(a) principal: Duarte, Tatiana Schmitz
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1450
• topic: Ligamento cruzado cranial; Joelho; Instabilidade articular; Cranial cruciate ligament; Knee; Instability; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::CLINICA E CIRURGIA ANIMAL::CLINICA CIRURGICA ANIMAL

The cranial cruciate ligament rupture is the third leading cause of orthopedic problems in dogs. There are numerous surgical techniques described to restore femorotibiopatelar joint stability after the rupture of such ligament. However, none of them is able to provide complete stability and inhibit degenerative joint disease. This study assessed the efficiency of a new surgical technique with intra and extracapsular components using autogenous fascia lata graft, fixed at two points, as a technique capable of restoring function of the cranial cruciate ligament and a physiotherapy protocol to assist in post-surgical recovery were evaluated. For this study 10 dogs weighing between 15 and 22 kg were used. After the experimental rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament, the fascia lata was fixed in the lateral femoral condyle by a cancellous screw and washer, in isometric point, and then in the patellar tendon with sutures in "X". All animals received physical therapy immediately after surgery until the end of the evaluation, 60 days after surgery. The degree of pain, swelling and lameness were evaluated. The joint stability was analyzed by the cranial displacement of the tibia, tibial compression and rotation of the tibia tests. The amplitude of the femorotibiopatelar joint motion was also measured, as well as the diameters of the thigh and of this joint.Radiographs were taken before of surgery and on the 60th day after surgery looking for signs of degenerative joint disease. The results of clinical orthopedic assessment showed that the animals had mild pain and mild to moderate edema only in the first days after surgery. The signs of lameness were more intense in the first 15 days progressively improving until the last day of evaluation. There were no difference among the diameters of the thigh and knee measured before surgery throughout the course of the experiment. There was a significant reduction in range of motion immediately after surgery that increased steadily during the experimental period to values equal to those before surgery. Although the stability tests were always negative in the postoperative period, four dogs had radiographic signs of osteoarthrosis. The proposed technique was capable of restoring the function of the cranial cruciate ligament and the physiotherapy protocol helped in the recovery of the dog femorotibiopatelar joint function.