Caracterização molecular e avaliação da patogenicidade em gerânio de isolados brasileiros da biovar 2 de Ralstonia solanacearum

• Autor(a) principal: Rossato, Maurício
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4407
• topic: Murcha bacteriana; Pelargonium; Filotipo; Bacterial wilt; Pelargonium; Phylotype; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA

Ralstonia solanacearum (RS) is a bacterial complex species that causes the bacterial wilt in hundreds of plant hosts, inducing heavy losses mainly on cultivated solanaceus species in tropical and subtropical countries. The race 3 biovar 2 (R3B2) of the pathogen causes not only direct losses but latent infections in many hosts, like the geranium, which facilitates its dissemination in and between countries. In the last decade, it was introduced in USA by infected geranium from Kenya and Guatemala, causing great concerns due the adaptation of this variant to the potato crop. In USA, the R3B2 of RS acquired the status of bioterrorism agent and now faces strong quarantine restrictions in the country. In this work we evaluated the pathogenicity of 36 Brazilian RS strains to geranium, most of them of R3B2. These strains were evaluated to their capacity of infecting geranium (Pelargonium peltatum and P. hortorum), potato and tomato. Seedlings were inoculated by xylem penetration with a pin contaminated at the time of inoculation by touching it onto the selected colony. Ten strains of biovar 1, 22 of biovar 2 and two of biovar 3 were used for comparison proposes. The disease incidence was measured every two days by the percentage of symptomatic plants. The strains were identified in order to analyze the eventual correlations among host of origin, biovar and phylotype. All the five geranium cultivars tested were susceptible, but with different responses among strains. The geraniums were less susceptible than solanaceous hosts tested. Nineteen strains infected one or two of the hosts and 17 infected at least one of the three hosts. The races 1 and 3, biovars 1, 2 and 3, phylotypes I and II, were all capable of infecting geranium. The capacity of R3B2 Brazilian strains to infect the geranium requires special methods for identification and detection of the bacteria in greenhouses for plants produced for export. It was not possible to group the strains according to pathogenic and molecular characteristics; therefore, it is proposed that complete genome analysis be performed to unveil eventual host specificity for some isolates.