Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Silva, Cristiano Viana da
Data de Publicação: 2007
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5848
Resumo: This work was developed with the objective of evaluating the effects of concentrate and crude protein (CP) levels on the intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients, and milk production and composition. Eight crossbred Holstein-Zebu cows with 520±40 kg were distributed in an 8 x 8 Latin square (LS) in eight periods of 10 days, for evaluation of four levels of concentrate ration (0, 1, 3 and 5 kg/cow/day) and two levels of crude protein (9 and 12% of CP in the total dietary dry matter). The experiment was conducted in pasture of elephant-grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) in the rainy season and the concentrates were constituted of corn meal, soybean meal, urea and mineral mixture. The experiment was analyzed in LS including effects of treatment, animal and period. In the 10th day of the experimental period, it was collected a sample of milk per animal in each of the two daily milking times, for later mixture in a composite sample. In the 9th and 10th days, at 8:00 and 16:00 hours, respectively, samples of feces were collected, and the indigestible acid detergent fiber (ADFi) was utilized as internal indicator for the estimates of fecal dry matter excretion. The dry matter intake (DMI) did not differ among the diets, both for concentrate and crude protein (P>0.05), in which the pasture intake tended to decrease with the increase of concentrate, not differing in relation to levels of crude protein (CP). The CP intake was increased by the increase in levels of supplementation and crude protein in the diet, while the intakes of total digestible nutrients (TDNI), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCI), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI) and ether extract (EEI) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate, with no difference in relation to levels of crude protein. The intake of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCI) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate and crude protein. The coefficient of digestibility (CD) of DM and NFC increased and decreased (P<0.05), respectively, by the increase in concentrate level, not differing with the levels of crude protein; the CD of CP increased with the increase in concentrate and crude protein levels (P<0.05), but the effect for CD of NDF only happened when the level of CP increased in the diet. The milk production (MP) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate (P<0.05), with no influence (P>0.05) of protein levels, being explained by the following equation: &#375; = 11.9 + 0.322*C. The content of fat, protein, lactose and dry extract of milk were not influenced by the levels of concentrate, but when increased the level of CP in the diet there was increase in the content of lactose and dry extract of milk. Cows with mean production of 12 kg of milk/day can be fed with diets containing 9% of CP, because there was no effect of CP levels in the diet in the range of 9 to 12% in the animal's performance. In spite of the response in milk production by supplementation be linear, after 3 kg/cow/day, there was a trend for diminishing increase following the curvilinear model of Michaelis-Menten, typical of enzyme systems. The milk production increased with the increase in the level of supplementation (0.32 kg/kg of concentrate), but did not change with increasing levels of crude protein in the diet, different from NRC 2001 of dairy cows that consider a linear response of 2.2 kg of milk/kg of concentrate ration.
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spelling Silva, Cristiano Viana dahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4732716U4Campos, José Maurício de Souzahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798551U0Queiroz, Augusto César dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783006P5Lana, Rogério de Paulahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782867Y6Leão, Maria Ignezhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783340T9Guimarães, José Domingoshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782270U62015-03-26T13:55:29Z2007-10-152015-03-26T13:55:29Z2007-04-20SILVA, Cristiano Viana da. Intake, apparent digestibility of the nutrients and performance of milking cows under pasture as a function of levels of concentrate and crude protein in the diet. 2007. 45 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2007.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5848This work was developed with the objective of evaluating the effects of concentrate and crude protein (CP) levels on the intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients, and milk production and composition. Eight crossbred Holstein-Zebu cows with 520±40 kg were distributed in an 8 x 8 Latin square (LS) in eight periods of 10 days, for evaluation of four levels of concentrate ration (0, 1, 3 and 5 kg/cow/day) and two levels of crude protein (9 and 12% of CP in the total dietary dry matter). The experiment was conducted in pasture of elephant-grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) in the rainy season and the concentrates were constituted of corn meal, soybean meal, urea and mineral mixture. The experiment was analyzed in LS including effects of treatment, animal and period. In the 10th day of the experimental period, it was collected a sample of milk per animal in each of the two daily milking times, for later mixture in a composite sample. In the 9th and 10th days, at 8:00 and 16:00 hours, respectively, samples of feces were collected, and the indigestible acid detergent fiber (ADFi) was utilized as internal indicator for the estimates of fecal dry matter excretion. The dry matter intake (DMI) did not differ among the diets, both for concentrate and crude protein (P>0.05), in which the pasture intake tended to decrease with the increase of concentrate, not differing in relation to levels of crude protein (CP). The CP intake was increased by the increase in levels of supplementation and crude protein in the diet, while the intakes of total digestible nutrients (TDNI), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCI), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI) and ether extract (EEI) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate, with no difference in relation to levels of crude protein. The intake of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCI) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate and crude protein. The coefficient of digestibility (CD) of DM and NFC increased and decreased (P<0.05), respectively, by the increase in concentrate level, not differing with the levels of crude protein; the CD of CP increased with the increase in concentrate and crude protein levels (P<0.05), but the effect for CD of NDF only happened when the level of CP increased in the diet. The milk production (MP) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate (P<0.05), with no influence (P>0.05) of protein levels, being explained by the following equation: &#375; = 11.9 + 0.322*C. The content of fat, protein, lactose and dry extract of milk were not influenced by the levels of concentrate, but when increased the level of CP in the diet there was increase in the content of lactose and dry extract of milk. Cows with mean production of 12 kg of milk/day can be fed with diets containing 9% of CP, because there was no effect of CP levels in the diet in the range of 9 to 12% in the animal's performance. In spite of the response in milk production by supplementation be linear, after 3 kg/cow/day, there was a trend for diminishing increase following the curvilinear model of Michaelis-Menten, typical of enzyme systems. The milk production increased with the increase in the level of supplementation (0.32 kg/kg of concentrate), but did not change with increasing levels of crude protein in the diet, different from NRC 2001 of dairy cows that consider a linear response of 2.2 kg of milk/kg of concentrate ration.Desenvolveu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de níveis de concentrado e de proteína bruta (PB) sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes, a produção e a composição do leite. Utilizou-se oito vacas mestiças Holandês-Zebu com peso de 520±40 kg, distribuídas em um quadrado latino (QL) 8 x 8 em oito períodos de 10 dias, para testar quatro níveis de ração concentrada (0, 1, 3 e 5 kg/vaca/dia) e dois níveis de proteína bruta (9 e 12% de PB na matéria seca total da dieta). O experimento foi conduzido em pastagem de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) na estação chuvosa e os concentrados foram constituídos de fubá de milho, farelo de soja, uréia e mistura mineral. O experimento foi analisado em QL incluindo efeitos de tratamento, animal e período. No 10o dia do período experimental, foi coletada uma amostra de leite por animal em cada uma das ordenhas, para posteriormente originar uma amostra composta. No 9o e 10o dias, às 8:00 e 16:00 horas, respectivamente, foram coletadas amostras de fezes, sendo utilizada a fibra em detergente ácido indigestível (FDAi) como indicador interno para as estimativas da excreção de matéria seca fecal. O consumo de matéria seca (MS) não diferiu entre as dietas, tanto para concentrados quanto proteína bruta (P>0,05), sendo que o consumo de pasto tendeu a diminuir com o aumento de concentrado, não diferindo quanto aos níveis de proteína bruta. O consumo de proteína bruta (PB) foi crescente quando aumentaram os níveis de suplemento e proteína bruta na dieta, enquanto que os consumos de nutrientes digestíveis totais (CNDT), de carboidratos não fibrosos (CCNF), de fibra em detergente neutro (CFDN) e de extrato etéreo (CEE) aumentaram com os níveis crescentes de concentrado, não diferindo quanto aos níveis de proteína bruta. O consumo de carboidratos não fibrosos (CCNF) aumentou com os níveis crescentes de concentrado e proteína bruta. O coeficiente de digestibilidade (CD) da MS e CNF aumentou e diminuiu (P<0,05), respectivamente, com o aumento dos níveis de concentrado, não diferindo quanto aos níveis de proteína bruta; já o CD da PB aumentou com os níveis crescentes de concentrado e proteína bruta (P<0,05), havendo efeito para o CD da FDN somente quando os níveis de PB aumentaram na dieta. A produção de leite (PL) aumentou com os níveis crescentes de concentrado (P<0,05), não sendo influenciada (P>0,05) pelos diferentes níveis protéicos, sendo explicada pela equação: &#375; = 11,9 + 0,322*C. O teor de gordura, proteína, lactose e extrato seco do leite não foram influenciados pelos níveis de concentrado, mas quando aumentou o nível de proteína na dieta houve aumento do teor de lactose e extrato seco do leite. Vacas com produção média de 12 kg de leite/dia podem ser alimentadas com dietas contendo 9% de PB, pois não houve efeito quanto a níveis de PB na dieta variando entre 9 e 12% no desempenho dos animais. Apesar da resposta em produção de leite pela suplementação ter sido linear, após 3 kg/animal/dia, houve uma tendência de aumentos decrescentes seguindo o modelo curvilíneo de Michaelis-Menten, típico de sistemas enzimáticos. A produção de leite aumentou com os níveis crescentes de suplementação (0,32 kg/kg de concentrado), mas não alterou com níveis crescentes de proteína bruta na dieta, diferente do NRC 2001 de gado de leite que considera resposta linear de 2,2 kg de leite/kg de ração concentrada.application/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaMestrado em ZootecniaUFVBRGenética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e ForragiculConcentradoPastoDesempenhoLeiteBovino de leiteConcentratePasturePerformanceDairy cattleCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL::AVALIACAO DE ALIMENTOS PARA ANIMAISConsumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dietaIntake, apparent digestibility of the nutrients and performance of milking cows under pasture as a function of levels of concentrate and crude protein in the dietinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf233226https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/5848/1/texto%20completo.pdfac0b83f4d96c59624091cf8a88c1f572MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain80651https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/5848/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txtfc0e7a751e02244b0762ff6f3ba4bf87MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3614https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/5848/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg539bc21a2943e8df5301b333d5da6d27MD53123456789/58482016-04-11 23:14:37.731oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/5848Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-12T02:14:37LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Intake, apparent digestibility of the nutrients and performance of milking cows under pasture as a function of levels of concentrate and crude protein in the diet
title Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta
spellingShingle Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta
Silva, Cristiano Viana da
Concentrado
Pasto
Desempenho
Leite
Bovino de leite
Concentrate
Pasture
Performance
Dairy cattle
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL::AVALIACAO DE ALIMENTOS PARA ANIMAIS
title_short Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta
title_full Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta
title_fullStr Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta
title_full_unstemmed Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta
title_sort Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo em função de níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta na dieta
author Silva, Cristiano Viana da
author_facet Silva, Cristiano Viana da
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4732716U4
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Silva, Cristiano Viana da
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Campos, José Maurício de Souza
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798551U0
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv Queiroz, Augusto César de
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783006P5
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Lana, Rogério de Paula
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782867Y6
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Leão, Maria Ignez
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783340T9
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Guimarães, José Domingos
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782270U6
contributor_str_mv Campos, José Maurício de Souza
Queiroz, Augusto César de
Lana, Rogério de Paula
Leão, Maria Ignez
Guimarães, José Domingos
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Concentrado
Pasto
Desempenho
Leite
Bovino de leite
topic Concentrado
Pasto
Desempenho
Leite
Bovino de leite
Concentrate
Pasture
Performance
Dairy cattle
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL::AVALIACAO DE ALIMENTOS PARA ANIMAIS
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Concentrate
Pasture
Performance
Dairy cattle
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL::AVALIACAO DE ALIMENTOS PARA ANIMAIS
description This work was developed with the objective of evaluating the effects of concentrate and crude protein (CP) levels on the intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients, and milk production and composition. Eight crossbred Holstein-Zebu cows with 520±40 kg were distributed in an 8 x 8 Latin square (LS) in eight periods of 10 days, for evaluation of four levels of concentrate ration (0, 1, 3 and 5 kg/cow/day) and two levels of crude protein (9 and 12% of CP in the total dietary dry matter). The experiment was conducted in pasture of elephant-grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) in the rainy season and the concentrates were constituted of corn meal, soybean meal, urea and mineral mixture. The experiment was analyzed in LS including effects of treatment, animal and period. In the 10th day of the experimental period, it was collected a sample of milk per animal in each of the two daily milking times, for later mixture in a composite sample. In the 9th and 10th days, at 8:00 and 16:00 hours, respectively, samples of feces were collected, and the indigestible acid detergent fiber (ADFi) was utilized as internal indicator for the estimates of fecal dry matter excretion. The dry matter intake (DMI) did not differ among the diets, both for concentrate and crude protein (P>0.05), in which the pasture intake tended to decrease with the increase of concentrate, not differing in relation to levels of crude protein (CP). The CP intake was increased by the increase in levels of supplementation and crude protein in the diet, while the intakes of total digestible nutrients (TDNI), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCI), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI) and ether extract (EEI) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate, with no difference in relation to levels of crude protein. The intake of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCI) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate and crude protein. The coefficient of digestibility (CD) of DM and NFC increased and decreased (P<0.05), respectively, by the increase in concentrate level, not differing with the levels of crude protein; the CD of CP increased with the increase in concentrate and crude protein levels (P<0.05), but the effect for CD of NDF only happened when the level of CP increased in the diet. The milk production (MP) increased with the increasing levels of concentrate (P<0.05), with no influence (P>0.05) of protein levels, being explained by the following equation: &#375; = 11.9 + 0.322*C. The content of fat, protein, lactose and dry extract of milk were not influenced by the levels of concentrate, but when increased the level of CP in the diet there was increase in the content of lactose and dry extract of milk. Cows with mean production of 12 kg of milk/day can be fed with diets containing 9% of CP, because there was no effect of CP levels in the diet in the range of 9 to 12% in the animal's performance. In spite of the response in milk production by supplementation be linear, after 3 kg/cow/day, there was a trend for diminishing increase following the curvilinear model of Michaelis-Menten, typical of enzyme systems. The milk production increased with the increase in the level of supplementation (0.32 kg/kg of concentrate), but did not change with increasing levels of crude protein in the diet, different from NRC 2001 of dairy cows that consider a linear response of 2.2 kg of milk/kg of concentrate ration.
publishDate 2007
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2007-10-15
2015-03-26T13:55:29Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2007-04-20
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2015-03-26T13:55:29Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv SILVA, Cristiano Viana da. Intake, apparent digestibility of the nutrients and performance of milking cows under pasture as a function of levels of concentrate and crude protein in the diet. 2007. 45 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2007.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5848
identifier_str_mv SILVA, Cristiano Viana da. Intake, apparent digestibility of the nutrients and performance of milking cows under pasture as a function of levels of concentrate and crude protein in the diet. 2007. 45 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2007.
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dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv Genética e Melhoramento de Animais Domésticos; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal; Pastagens e Forragicul
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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