Biovidro particulado no processo alveolar da mandíbula de cães. Avaliações clínico-cirúrgica, radiográfica e histológica

• Autor(a) principal: Tsiomis, Alexandre Couto
• Data de Publicação: 2004
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4993
• topic: Cão; Cirurgia; Ossos; Regeneração; Dogs; Surgery; Bones; Regeneration; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::CLINICA E CIRURGIA ANIMAL::CLINICA CIRURGICA ANIMAL

The use of dental implants is a common practice in human patients, and the demand for this service in small animals has increased in the last years. For the placement of dental implants it is necessary the existence of an alveolar bone bed of good quality and in enough quantity. Several factors such as periodontal disease and dental loss can cause reabsorption of the alveolar bone, thus enabling the placement of these implants. The objective of this work was to evaluate, through clinical, radiographic and histological analyses, the bioglass as a bone substitute in the regeneration of the alveolar process of the jaw of dogs. For such, 28 healthy adult mongrel dogs, males and female, weighing between 10 and 15 Kg, randomly divided in two groups, were observed during 120 days. Defects of approximately 6 x 5 x 5 mm were created in the vestibular surface of the alveolar process between the roots of the right fourth premolar tooth. In a group, the defect was immediately filled with bioglass, while in the other it did not receive any treatment, being used as control. Clinical evaluations were accomplished daily during one week. Radiographies were taken soon after the surgery and at 8, 14, 21, 42, 60, 90 and 120 days of the postoperative. Most of the animals of both groups did not present inflammation signs and the healing of the surgical wound happened in a similar way. The radiographic exams revealed gradual increase of the radiopacity in the area of the defect in the control group. In the treated group, it was initially observed superior radiopacity compared to the neighbor bone, which decreased on the 21st day of postoperative. Then the radiopacity began to gradually increase until 120 days after the surgery, when the defect became imperceptible. For the histologic analysis samples of the bone defect area of 2 animals of each group were collected after 8, 14, 21, 42, 60, 90 and 120 days of the surgery. In the control group it was observed that the bone deposition process began on the day 14th, developing progressively until the day 120th, when there was not limit between the margins of the defect and the neoformed bone. In the treated group it was observed at 8 days of postoperative the presence of loose connective tissue highly vascularizated around the bioglass particles. At 14 days, it was observed the bone formation process starting from the borders of the defect. On the 60th day of postoperative the bioglass had been totally reabsorbed and the defect was completely filled by trabecular bone. At 120 days, it was not possible to differentiate the neighbor bone of the defect area. Therefore, it can be concluded that the bioglass presents desirable characteristics to a bone substitute such as antibacterial and hemostatic effect, biocompatibility and osteoconductive property, being a valuable alternative for the alveolar bone regeneration.