Um estudo de caso sobre a reinserção social de portadores de transtorno mental em Belo Horizonte-MG

• Autor(a) principal: Fonseca, Poty Colaço
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3318
• topic: Reforma psiquiátrica; Resinserção social; Portador de transtorno mental; Psychiatric reform; Social rehabilitation; Individuals with mental illness; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA DOMESTICA

At the end of the 70s the Psychiatric Reform began in Brazil. Its purpose was the hospitalization replacement, as the only alternative to the approach of the crisis, for new devices for treatment of individuals with mental illness - IMI, as the protected housing. Protected housing proposes building devices that can assist in possible autonomy’s construction for the IMIs and their real social integration, from their subjectivity’s respect and belief in ability of acquaintanceship and production, although marked by a history of exclusion. This research aims to analyze the social rehabilitation process of protected housing users, built on the psychiatric reform assumptions. The conducted research is a qualitative one, being utilized the case study method, in which the instruments for data collection were documentary research and semi-structured interviews. For data analysis was utilized the content analysis technique, in particular the Thematic Analysis, having "experiencing the social reintegration process." as unit meaning. The research showed that interviewed subjects have different positioning on the IMI’s social rehabilitation. From a professional team of protected housing and from its former residents’ point of view, dehospitalization process, advocated by psychiatric reform, and experience in protected housing allowed a significant autonomy gain, the ability to live in social and connect with the other. Protected housing appears in former residents’ speeches as the place that allowed the return to social interaction, encouraging the development of necessary conditions for autonomy and social inclusion. Can be said that the autonomy, in the face of suffering, was conquered by these individuals, although conditioned to a "supervised" social autonomy, since they still require devices care of closest social environment, with limitations in terms of freedom, creativity and participation. It is concluded that the former residents of the protected housing searched, went through a limited process of social rehabilitation, defined as the subject’s possibility to be part of the social context, being included in the various sectors and events of daily life, since there are many issues that permeate IMI’s reality, whether biological, psychological or social. It occurs a personal reappropriation process, but with limitations on the personal spaces creation and consolidation of emotional ties, especially family ones. Finally, the family accountability for IMI’s social rehabilitation, which was in protected housing, was restricted to the resources and situations of crisis or conflict administration. Accordingly, the positioning of the Mental Illness of deinstitutionalisation must be reviewed, by a multidimensional look about the IMI’s ways of being and want to, how to live and cohabit in community and family, as well as the conditions of the family units and social networks.