Características bioquímicas de qualidade em soja: interação genótipo x ambiente, estimativa de correlação e medida de similaridade entre ambientes

• Autor(a) principal: Barros, Josie Gomes de Almeida
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2391
• topic: Soja; Genótipo x ambiente; Soybean; Genotype x environment; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

The multipurpose feature of soybean grain has generated a growing demand for cultivars with specific traits. To be able to meet market demands efficiently is important to characterize soybean cultivars in relation to chemical components concerning quality. The objectives of this work were to evaluate genotype x environment interaction of the soybean traits: lipoxygenases 1 (LOX 1) and 3 (LOX 3) specific activities, total protein, KOH-soluble protein, storage proteins ß-conglycinin subunits (α , α and ß) and glycinin subunits (acidic and basic) concentrations. In addition, the correlations between these traits in different cultivars and the degree of similarity among environments were estimated. Twenty-five soybean cultivars were evaluated at the COOPADAP experimental stations located in the districts of Bom Jesus de Goiás-GO, Paracatu-MG, São Gotardo-MG and Rio Paranaíba-MG, in the agricultural year 2005/2006. The experiments were set in randomized blocks, with three repetitions. Glycinin and ß-conglycinin storage proteins subunits contents were determined by SDSPAGE/ densitometry, total protein content by the Kjeldahl method, and soluble protein in 0.2% KOH. The coefficients of phenotypic correlation between the evaluated traits and the similarity degree among environments were estimated using Pearson s correlation. Cultivar x environment interactions were found for total protein, KOH-soluble protein and α subunit (ß- conglycinin) concentrations. Effects of cultivar and environment were found for LOX 1 and 3 specific activities, ß subunit (ß-conglycinin), acidic and basic subunits (glycinin) concentrations. Comparison among means to verify the effect of each cultivar in the different environments showed that genotypes Cs02020, Cs02054 and Cs02529 had superior performance for LOX 1 and 3 specific activities, ß subunit (ß- conglycinin) and basic subunits (glycinin) concentrations, whereas the means of α subunit (ß-conglycinin) and acidic subunits (glycinin) contents showed no significant difference among genotypes. The comparison among means to verify the effect of each environment upon genotypes showed that São Gotardo-MG had the largest means for LOX 1 and 3 specific activities, acidic, basic, α and ß subunits concentrations. Genotype x environment interaction studies showed that Cs02884, Luziania, Msoy8001, Cs02529 and Vencedora cultivars had superior performance for total protein, KOH- soluble protein and α subunit content in all tested environments. There was correlation between LOX 1 and 3 specific activities. The environments with higher similarity degree for LOX 1 specific activity were Paracatu-MG and Rio Paranaíba-MG, for LOX 3, Bom Jesus de Goiás-GO and São Gotardo-MG; for total protein and KOH-soluble protein Paracatu-MG and São Gotardo-MG; for ß subunit content Bom Jesus de Goiás-GO and Paracatu-MG. No correlations between environments were found for α , α and basic subunits contents. The genotypes appearing more frequently among the largest means for pairs of traits were Cs02936 and Luziania for LOX 1 and 3 specific activities and Cs9877 for KOH-soluble protein and α , α, ß, acidic and basic subunits contents.