(Des)articulação entre política urbana e política habitacional: Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida e ZEIS nas cidades médias de Minas Gerais

• Autor(a) principal: Soares, Isabelle Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2191
• topic: Habitação de interesse social; Política habitacional; ZEIS; Social housing; Housing policy; ZEIS; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO::PROJETO DE ARQUITETUTA E URBANISMO::PLANEJAMENTO E PROJETO DO ESPACO URBANO

In this essay, it is presented a discussion about the articulation between housing and urban politics in the medium cities of Minas Gerais. The main objective was to analyze the relation between the creation of Special Zones of Social Interest (Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social - ZEIS) in vacant areas and the location of population produced by Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida (PMCMV) for the people with family incomes up to three minimum wages. The qualitative research was driven by bibliographical research, documental research and field research. It was used secondary data obtained from the literature with the objective to denominate and identify the ZEIS characteristics of the medium-sized cities of Minas Gerais and of PMCMV. The documental research includes a survey and an analysis of the urban law of the six urban centers identified as medium-sized cities in Minas Gerais the cities: Divinópolis, Governador Valadares, Pouso Alegre, Teófilo Otoni, Uberaba and Varginha with the aim to identify the kinds of ZEIS instituted and demarcated. Finally, the field research was done in Uberaba, the only medium-sized city where two criteria were identified simultaneously: the demarcation of ZEIS in empty areas and the implementation of PMCMV. For the field research, structured interviews were done with the main agents in charge of implementing the urban and housing politics in the city, such as, the builders responsible for the work and the institutional agents connected to the City Hall, Municipal Council Members, Municipal Housing Board. From these interviews, we tried to investigate in this local if the fact of existing demarcation of ZEIS in empty areas interfered in the implementation of enterprises of PMCMV and in a complementary way, like the local agents associated with this program interfered in the definition of the location enterprise. Interviews with the residents of two residential complexes already occupied were also done besides visiting all the enterprises, aiming to map the data about their locations. By means of the use of indicators, the suitability of the location of the PMCMV enterprises was evaluated and the influence of the demarcation of the ZEIS in its location. The results indicate that the most of the complexes evaluated has an inadequate location, mainly because of the lack of services by public and business facilities. Furthermore, none of the housing complexes built in Uberaba by the PMCMV was implemented in the demarcated empty ZEIS. The facts which interfered were: the existence of given lots with low market value and the search of areas with personalized registration to speed up the process. Regarding the work of the public and private agents in locating the housing produced by the PMCMVV, it was concluded that, independently of the existence of ZEIS, it was the building companies and land owners` interests that determined the location of the enterprises, which linked the program to the private market. It was concluded that the existence of empty ZEIS instituted by the municipal law has not influenced in the location of housing of social interest of the PMCMV in Uberaba and that the simple prediction of this kind of urban instrument in the law does not guarantee neither the social inclusion of the population, nor their access to the city, have seen that, the existent disarticulation between the urban and political housing.