Avaliação de impactos na saúde ocasionados pela destinação final de resíduos sólidos: o lixão e a unidade de triagem e compostagem como cenários de exposição

• Autor(a) principal: Coimbra, Juliana Baptista
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3804
• topic: Resíduos sólidos; Lixão; Unidades de triagem e compostagem; Impactos na saúde; Solid waste; Dump; Units of sorting and composting; Health impacts; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO BASICO::RESIDUOS SOLIDOS, DOMESTICOS E INDUSTRIAIS

This study aimed to assess the health risks of disposal of solid waste generated in municipalities; as well as elucidate the relationship between environmental quality changes occurring in the areas surrounding these sites and correlated diseases. Data collection took place in the cities of Coimbra and Rodeiro, both in Minas Gerais, characterized, respectively, by the disposal of solid waste in open dump and in units of sorting and composting plant. Thus, the survey was conducted in neighborhoods located around these areas. A crosssectional epidemiological study was used, with the exposure factor being the proximity to the final disposal site, and the unit of study was children aged up to 10 years. The exposure levels were defined according to the distances from the place of treatment/disposal, of wich: from zero to 500m: high exposure; from 500 to 1000m: moderate exposure; and distance greater than 1000m: group unexposed. Data collection was done through the application of two questionnaires: one regarding housing and other regarding children. In housing data were collected socioeconomic conditions, water conditions, sewerage, solid waste management, family healthy and the presence of vectors. With regard to children, the main healthy indicators used were the prevalence of diarrheal diseases and nutritional status. The results showed discontent of the population living in the surrounding areas of the disposal units in both cities, which they feel harmed by the increased of odor and the appearance of vectors assigned to them as begin from the units studied. More problems were reported in Rodeiro, where the final disposition was done in a dump, confirming the assumption that this type of destination is more harmful. With respect to health indicators expressed by the incidence of diarrhea, an increased tendency was found in areas of high exposure, however it was also observed that the inadequate hygiene habits had higher percentage in these sites compared to the other areas studied.