Utilização do silício no manejo da queima foliar em capim-limão [Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf

• Autor(a) principal: Diniz, Lylian Perla
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1252
• topic: Capim-limão; Queima foliar; Silício; Lemongrass; Leaf blight; Silicon; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

Lemongrass [Cymbopogon citratus (D.C) Stapf.] is a medicinal plant of economic importance in pharmaceutical, perfumery, cosmetics and agriculture. The leaf blight caused by Curvularia andropogonis, is a major disease that causes damage to this species. Three experiments were carried out, both in terms of vegetation house and one in the laboratory, were conducted with the objective of quantifying the efficiency of alternative products the basis of silicon in handling, mycelial growth and sporulation of C. andropogonis. In experiments conducted in house of vegetation were quantified variables associated with the progress of the disease: the severity during the half of the duration of the epidemic (Y 50 ), the final severity (Y max ), the area under the curve of progress of the disease (AUDPC). In experiments conducted in the laboratory were quantified variables area under the curve of the mycelial growth (AUMGC) and sporulation. The experiments and the treatments evaluated were: Test 1 (E1): silicate of potash (1% ); extract of E. arvense; silicate of Ca and Mg ; Silicea 12CH (airway); Silicea 12CH (via soil) and witness (water + alcohol, via soil and air); In experiment 2 it was evaluated the same treatments in E1, except the bordeaux mixture, adding the treatments silicate of Ca and Mg and Ca and Mg silicate + Silicea 12 CH (via soil), while maintaining the control. In (3) evaluated if: Silicea 12CH; Silicea 30CH; extract of E. arvense (1:5); extract of E. arvense (1:10); silicate of potassium (0.5 %) and silicate of potassium (1%) and witness (PDA). The severity of the disease and the mycelial growth rate were evaluated weekly and in the range of two days, respectively. The experiment has been installed in a completely randomized design with three (E1) and five repetitions (E2 and E3). The severity of the disease and the mycelial growth rate were evaluated weekly and in the range of two days, respectively. The experiments were installed in a completely randomized design with three (E1) and five repetitions (E2 and E3). The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the averages were compared by Fisher's LSD test at 5% probability. By Comparing the results of the treatment. Ensay1, potassium silicate resulted lower severity (5.16 %) to 59 days (Y 50 ) after transplanting compared to treatment Silicea12CH applied via soil (12.03 % ), but did not reduce the severity of 87 days (Y max ), compared to the untreated control. The other treatments for Y 50 and Y max did not differ statistically between themselves. For the variable AUDPC treatments silicate of potash (365.8), extract of E. arvense (365.8) and Silicea 12CH applied airway (462,2) demonstrated significant effect when compared to the control plots (704,8). The other treatments did not differ from control. The extract of horsetail (Equisetum arvense), potassium silicate and Silicea 12CH (airway) demonstrated effect on disease management. In trial 2 - comparing treatments for the Y50 was no significant difference between the control (12.38%) and potassium silicate treatments (1.88%), horsetail extract (3.10%), Ca and Mg silicate (4.90%) and Ca Mg silicate + Silicea 12 CH (the soil) (2.90%). Regarding the maximum severity (Ymax) all treatments differed from the control which resulted in higher severity (58.13%) at 93 days after transplanting. The AUDPC Witness (631) differed from all treatments except the Silicea 12CH applied to the soil (384). Only the potassium silicate treatment (94), horsetail extract (121) and Ca and Mg silicate (268) differed significantly from the treatment Silicea 12CH via soil as the AUDPC variable. In test 3 - the horsetail extract and potassium silicate showed significant effect on mycelial growth and sporulation of C. andropogonis, either inhibiting or stimulating. The extract of Equisetum arvense and potassium silicate were efficient in the management of leaf blight of lemon grass in greenhouse conditions.