Utilização de urina de vaca na produção orgânica de alface

• Main Author: Oliveira, Nelson Licínio Campos de
• Publication Date: 2007
• Format: Master thesis
• Language: por
• Source: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Download full: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4652
• topic: Lactuca sativa; Sistema de cultivo; Crescimento de plantas; Nutrição; Lactuca sativa; Culture system; Plant growth; Nutrition; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

Cow urine can be considered an agriculturist input that makes it possible for agriculturists to reduce property dependence on external products, especially in production of vegetables in organic system. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of lettuce submitted to cow urine concentrations via soil and leaves. The experiment was conducted over the period from 1/13/2006 to 3/22/2006, at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) campus, in a protected environment and organic culture system. It consisted of 12 treatments, conducted in subdivided parcel scheme, in randomized block design, with four repetitions; the application ways of cow urine (soil and leaf) were allocated in the parcels and the concentrations of cow urine solutions (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25%) were allocated in the sub parcels. Weekly, starting after seven days of seedling transplant, 5, 5, 10, 20 and 20 mL of solution per plant were applied. Cultivar utilized was Regina 2000. Parcel consisted of 4 rows, and the space between them was 0.25 x 0.25 m, a total of 28 plants; the six central plants of the two central rows were considered as useful. Throughout the cycle the state of nitrogen was evaluated and in harvest, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf, stem and root fresh and dry mass, stem length, head volume, head fresh and dry mass, commercial productivity and leaf, stem and root levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B. Data were submitted to variance analysis, Tukey test at 5% probability, and regression analysis. When applied via soil, urine concentrations provided significant response in almost all phytotechnical characteristics, with the exception of leaf area; when applied via leaves, there was no effect on the number of leaves, leaf area, stem dry mass, root fresh mass and head volume. The application of cow urine either via leaves or via soil didn t alter the level of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B on plant or stem; as to the roots, there was significant response only to P, K, Fe and Mn when the urine was applied via soil and to Na when applied via leaves. The linear increment of SPAD index was observed with applied urine concentration, as well as quadratic response along time. The highest head productivity (17.00 Mg ha-1) was registered in plants that received urine solution via leaves in a concentration of 1.25%, corresponding to the increase of 28.1% in productivity, compared to control; when applied via soil, at the optimal concentration of 1.01%, productivity was of 14.92 Mg ha-1, corresponding to the increase of 47.3% in productivity, compared to control. The effects observed on lettuce growth and productivity, because of the applied urine solution are due to factors other then only quantity of nutrients used in the solutions.