Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2012 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4565 |
Resumo: | The competitive ability of crops and weeds is related to the efficient use of environmental resources. However, it may also be related to the associations of these species with soil microbiota and the ability to change it to minimize interference. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the interference of five weeds in dry matter accumulation of corn plants and in the relative content of nutrients, as well as evaluate the biomass and microbial activity associated with weeds and corn in monoculture and in competition, in soils with diferent fertility managements. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment, considering four soil fertility managements (with calcium and magnesium silicate and fertilization; with limestone and fertilization; without correction of acidity, but with fertilization; without correction of acidity and without fertilization) and five arrangements competition between Zea mays and the weeds Brachiaria brizantha, Ipomoea grandifolia, Conyza canadensis, Bidens pilosa and Hyptis suaveolens, addition of species in monoculture and soils without plants. The coexistence of corn with weeds caused average reductions of 43.9%, 39.8% and 41.9% in dry matter of shoot, root and total culture, respectively. Under interference of B. brizantha, the corn had reductions exceeding 50% in the content of all macronutrients, being this weed the most damaging to the culture. Additionally, B. brizantha and B. pilosa in competition with corn stood out among the other weeds and has high ability to extract and use macronutrients in the four soil conditions. There was a tendency of reduction of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in soils that receive were not correction acidity. B. pilosa and the arrangement formed by Z. mays and B. brizantha, showed high values of MBC, regardless of soil management. Low biological activity was observed in soil without acidity correction and without fertilization. In soil with calcium and magnesium silicate and maize plants in monoculture, the metabolic quotient (qCO2) was higher than the value observed with the weeds in monoculture and in competition arrangements, suggesting greater susceptibility of this system for carbon losses. Z. mays in competition with H. suaveolens was the arrangement that had greater preservation of organic matter (<qCO2) in the four soils. The weeds showed different competitive abilities causing reductions in the dry matter and nutrients accumulation in the corn plants, and showed distinct potential for nutrient cycling, depending on soil condition. Calcium and magnesium silicate and limestone did not differ in the weed interference on the dry biomass of corn plants, being the influence of these sources variable on nutrient accumulation by plants in monoculture or under interference. The microbial biomass and activity were altered by plant species, interference and managements of soil fertility. The manipulation of soil microorganisms may be a strategy used by corn and, or the weeds to minimize the competition in a given soil. |
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Melo, Christiane Augusta Dinizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4342428415015371Ferreira, Lino Robertohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783318Y2Costa, Maurício Dutrahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4728228J5Ferreira, Francisco Affonsohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783387U7Santos, Leonardo David Tuffihttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702818P42015-03-26T13:39:47Z2013-02-182015-03-26T13:39:47Z2012-02-16MELO, Christiane Augusta Diniz. Microbial activity and weed interference on corn in soil with different fertility managements. 2012. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4565The competitive ability of crops and weeds is related to the efficient use of environmental resources. However, it may also be related to the associations of these species with soil microbiota and the ability to change it to minimize interference. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the interference of five weeds in dry matter accumulation of corn plants and in the relative content of nutrients, as well as evaluate the biomass and microbial activity associated with weeds and corn in monoculture and in competition, in soils with diferent fertility managements. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment, considering four soil fertility managements (with calcium and magnesium silicate and fertilization; with limestone and fertilization; without correction of acidity, but with fertilization; without correction of acidity and without fertilization) and five arrangements competition between Zea mays and the weeds Brachiaria brizantha, Ipomoea grandifolia, Conyza canadensis, Bidens pilosa and Hyptis suaveolens, addition of species in monoculture and soils without plants. The coexistence of corn with weeds caused average reductions of 43.9%, 39.8% and 41.9% in dry matter of shoot, root and total culture, respectively. Under interference of B. brizantha, the corn had reductions exceeding 50% in the content of all macronutrients, being this weed the most damaging to the culture. Additionally, B. brizantha and B. pilosa in competition with corn stood out among the other weeds and has high ability to extract and use macronutrients in the four soil conditions. There was a tendency of reduction of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in soils that receive were not correction acidity. B. pilosa and the arrangement formed by Z. mays and B. brizantha, showed high values of MBC, regardless of soil management. Low biological activity was observed in soil without acidity correction and without fertilization. In soil with calcium and magnesium silicate and maize plants in monoculture, the metabolic quotient (qCO2) was higher than the value observed with the weeds in monoculture and in competition arrangements, suggesting greater susceptibility of this system for carbon losses. Z. mays in competition with H. suaveolens was the arrangement that had greater preservation of organic matter (<qCO2) in the four soils. The weeds showed different competitive abilities causing reductions in the dry matter and nutrients accumulation in the corn plants, and showed distinct potential for nutrient cycling, depending on soil condition. Calcium and magnesium silicate and limestone did not differ in the weed interference on the dry biomass of corn plants, being the influence of these sources variable on nutrient accumulation by plants in monoculture or under interference. The microbial biomass and activity were altered by plant species, interference and managements of soil fertility. The manipulation of soil microorganisms may be a strategy used by corn and, or the weeds to minimize the competition in a given soil.A habilidade competitiva das culturas e das plantas daninhas está relacionada à utilização eficiente dos recursos do meio na qual se encontram. No entanto, pode também estar relacionada com as associações dessas espécies com a microbiota do solo e a capacidade de alterá-la para minimizar a interferência. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos da interferência de cinco plantas daninhas no acúmulo de matéria seca e no conteúdo relativo de macronutrientes de plantas de milho, bem como a biomassa e a atividade microbiana associada às plantas daninhas e de milho em monocultivo e em competição, em solos com diferentes manejos de fertilidade. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, considerando-se como primeiro fator quatro manejos de fertilidade do solo (com silicato de cálcio e magnésio e adubação; com calcário e adubação; sem correção de acidez, mas com adubação; sem correção de acidez e sem adubação) e como segundo fator cinco arranjos de competição entre Zea mays e as plantas daninhas Brachiaria brizantha, Ipomoea grandifolia, Conyza canadensis, Hyptis suaveolens e Bidens pilosa, acrescido das seis espécies em monocultivo e de solo sem cultivo. A convivência do milho com plantas daninhas provocou reduções médias de 43,9%, 39,8% e 41,9% na massa da matéria seca da parte aérea, do sistema radicular e total da cultura, respectivamente. Sob interferência de B. brizantha, o milho apresentou reduções superiores a 50% no conteúdo de todos os macronutrientes, sendo esta a planta daninha mais danosa a cultura. Adicionalmente, B. brizantha e B. pilosa em competição com o milho se destacaram entre as demais plantas daninhas, apresentando elevada habilidade de extração e utilização de macronutrientes nas quatro condições de solo. Observou-se tendência de redução do carbono da biomassa microbina (CBM) nos solos que não tiveram correção de acidez. B. pilosa e o arranjo formado por Z. mays e B. brinzantha, independente do solo, apresentaram elevados valores de CBM. Baixa atividade biológica foi verificada no solo sem correção de acidez e sem adubação. No solo corrigido com silicato de cálcio e magnésio e cultivado com milho livre de interferência, o quociente metabólico (qCO2) foi maior do que com as plantas daninhas em monocultivo e arranjos de competição, sugerindo maior suscetibilidade desse sistema a perdas de carbono. Z. mays em competição com H. suaveolens mostrou ser o sistema misto mais conservativo da matéria orgânica (<qCO2) nos quatro manejos de fertilidade do solo. As plantas daninhas apresentaram não só habilidades competitivas distintas, provocando reduções consideráveis no acúmulo de matéria seca e nutrientes das plantas de milho, como também potencial diferenciado para ciclagem dos nutrientes estudados, a depender da condição de solo. Silicato de cálcio e magnésio e calcário não diferiram quanto à interferência das plantas daninhas sobre o acúmulo de biomassa seca das plantas de milho, sendo variável a influência dessas fontes sobre o acúmulo de nutrientes pelas plantas em monocultivo ou sob interferência. A biomassa e atividade microbiana foram alteradas pelas espécies de plantas, pela convivência e pelos manejos de fertilidade do solo, e a manipulação dos microrganismos do solo pode ser uma estratégia utilizada pela cultura do milho e, ou pelas plantas daninhas para minimizar a competição em determinado ambiente.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaMestrado em FitotecniaUFVBRPlantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita deCompetiçãoNutrição foliarAlelopatiaBiomassa microbianaTaxa respiratóriaQuociente metabólicoCalcárioSilicato de cálcio e magnésioAdubaçãoCompetitionFoliar nutritionAllelopathyMicrobial biomassRespiratory rateMetabolic quotientLimestoneCalcium and magnesium silicateFertilizationCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIAAtividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidadeMicrobial activity and weed interference on corn in soil with different fertility managementsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf739809https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/4565/1/texto%20completo.pdf69524346956f11b5bb2a849577857347MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain162781https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/4565/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txte35abf39376a987773f2f76c7f09e0a0MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3630https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/4565/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg94c75fe3496daecf562830717ea1bddfMD53123456789/45652016-04-10 23:07:36.931oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/4565Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-11T02:07:36LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Microbial activity and weed interference on corn in soil with different fertility managements |
title |
Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade |
spellingShingle |
Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade Melo, Christiane Augusta Diniz Competição Nutrição foliar Alelopatia Biomassa microbiana Taxa respiratória Quociente metabólico Calcário Silicato de cálcio e magnésio Adubação Competition Foliar nutrition Allelopathy Microbial biomass Respiratory rate Metabolic quotient Limestone Calcium and magnesium silicate Fertilization CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA |
title_short |
Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade |
title_full |
Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade |
title_fullStr |
Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade |
title_full_unstemmed |
Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade |
title_sort |
Atividade microbiana e interferência de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho em solo com diferentes manejos de fertilidade |
author |
Melo, Christiane Augusta Diniz |
author_facet |
Melo, Christiane Augusta Diniz |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4342428415015371 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Melo, Christiane Augusta Diniz |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Lino Roberto |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783318Y2 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv |
Costa, Maurício Dutra |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4728228J5 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Francisco Affonso |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783387U7 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Leonardo David Tuffi |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702818P4 |
contributor_str_mv |
Ferreira, Lino Roberto Costa, Maurício Dutra Ferreira, Francisco Affonso Santos, Leonardo David Tuffi |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Competição Nutrição foliar Alelopatia Biomassa microbiana Taxa respiratória Quociente metabólico Calcário Silicato de cálcio e magnésio Adubação |
topic |
Competição Nutrição foliar Alelopatia Biomassa microbiana Taxa respiratória Quociente metabólico Calcário Silicato de cálcio e magnésio Adubação Competition Foliar nutrition Allelopathy Microbial biomass Respiratory rate Metabolic quotient Limestone Calcium and magnesium silicate Fertilization CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Competition Foliar nutrition Allelopathy Microbial biomass Respiratory rate Metabolic quotient Limestone Calcium and magnesium silicate Fertilization |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA |
description |
The competitive ability of crops and weeds is related to the efficient use of environmental resources. However, it may also be related to the associations of these species with soil microbiota and the ability to change it to minimize interference. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the interference of five weeds in dry matter accumulation of corn plants and in the relative content of nutrients, as well as evaluate the biomass and microbial activity associated with weeds and corn in monoculture and in competition, in soils with diferent fertility managements. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment, considering four soil fertility managements (with calcium and magnesium silicate and fertilization; with limestone and fertilization; without correction of acidity, but with fertilization; without correction of acidity and without fertilization) and five arrangements competition between Zea mays and the weeds Brachiaria brizantha, Ipomoea grandifolia, Conyza canadensis, Bidens pilosa and Hyptis suaveolens, addition of species in monoculture and soils without plants. The coexistence of corn with weeds caused average reductions of 43.9%, 39.8% and 41.9% in dry matter of shoot, root and total culture, respectively. Under interference of B. brizantha, the corn had reductions exceeding 50% in the content of all macronutrients, being this weed the most damaging to the culture. Additionally, B. brizantha and B. pilosa in competition with corn stood out among the other weeds and has high ability to extract and use macronutrients in the four soil conditions. There was a tendency of reduction of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in soils that receive were not correction acidity. B. pilosa and the arrangement formed by Z. mays and B. brizantha, showed high values of MBC, regardless of soil management. Low biological activity was observed in soil without acidity correction and without fertilization. In soil with calcium and magnesium silicate and maize plants in monoculture, the metabolic quotient (qCO2) was higher than the value observed with the weeds in monoculture and in competition arrangements, suggesting greater susceptibility of this system for carbon losses. Z. mays in competition with H. suaveolens was the arrangement that had greater preservation of organic matter (<qCO2) in the four soils. The weeds showed different competitive abilities causing reductions in the dry matter and nutrients accumulation in the corn plants, and showed distinct potential for nutrient cycling, depending on soil condition. Calcium and magnesium silicate and limestone did not differ in the weed interference on the dry biomass of corn plants, being the influence of these sources variable on nutrient accumulation by plants in monoculture or under interference. The microbial biomass and activity were altered by plant species, interference and managements of soil fertility. The manipulation of soil microorganisms may be a strategy used by corn and, or the weeds to minimize the competition in a given soil. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2012-02-16 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2013-02-18 2015-03-26T13:39:47Z |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2015-03-26T13:39:47Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
MELO, Christiane Augusta Diniz. Microbial activity and weed interference on corn in soil with different fertility managements. 2012. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4565 |
identifier_str_mv |
MELO, Christiane Augusta Diniz. Microbial activity and weed interference on corn in soil with different fertility managements. 2012. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012. |
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http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4565 |
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por |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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Mestrado em Fitotecnia |
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UFV |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
BR |
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Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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