Vitaminas antioxidantes, citocinas e câncer de mama: um estudo casocontrole

• Autor(a) principal: Abranches, Monise Viana
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2719
• topic: Câncer de mama; Alfa-tocoferol; Retinol; Beta-caroteno; Marcadores inflamatórios; breast cancer; Alfa-tocopherol; Retinol; Beta-carotene; Inflammatory markers; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

Tumoral cells and immune system cells can stimulate the secretion of several kinds of cytokines and free radicals aggravating the inflammatory process that may to lead to the propagation of cancer. Various environmental factors may protect the body against cancer. Among these, the increased consumption of antioxidants such as vitamins A and E seems to decrease oxidative stress by decreasing the cellular damage caused by free radicals formed during inflammatory reactions and moreover modulate the immune response. Evaluate plasmatic and tecidual levels of α-tocopherol, retinol and β-carotene and others inflammatory mediators in women with cancer. The sample was comprised of 75 women, so that, 25 with breast cancer (CA group), 26 with Benign Breast Disease (BBD group) and 24 in Control group (CO group). Were carried out socioeconomic analysis, beyond clinical, gynecological, obstetric, anthropometric, behavioral and intake of α-tocopherol, retinol and β-carotene. Were measured the plasmatic and tecidual concentrations of these compounds and of inflammatory markers IL-8, IL-10 and IFN-γ in mammary adipose tissue. Were performed univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis to determine the possible factors that can explain the occurrence of this kind of cancer. Was found a higher ingestion of α-tocopherol (p = 0.04) and β-carotene (p=0.011) by BBD group, in comparison with CA group. The tecidual concentration of α-tocopherol was significantly reduced in CA group. No significant differences were found between CA and CO groups, considering these variables. Inflammatory mediators, IL-10, IL-8 and IFN were increased by 231 %, 49.1 % and 57.5 %, respectively, in CA group in comparison as DBM group. The lower ingestion and consequent lower tecidual concentration of α-tocopherol may increase the possibility of developing breast cancer. The results of this study suggest the existence of biological effects of nutrients on the immune system. The highest tecidual concentration of pro-inflammatory mediators in the group of women with breast cancer shows that this disease involves the immune response in an attempt to eliminate cancer cells. On the other hand, the enhanced synthesis of IL-10, anti-inflammatory mediator, may be a protective mechanism against the action exacerbated the pro-inflammatory compounds. The development of further studies involving this issue are necessary in order to elucidate the potential risk factors and of protection against breast cancer and the mechanisms involved in the interaction between nutrients and immune system.