Condicionamento osmótico de sementes de cenoura (Daucus carota L.)

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Márcio Dias
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4650
• topic: Cenoura; Sementes; Condicionamento osmótico; Carrot; Seeds; Osmotic priming; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

This work had as objectives: i) to monitor carrot seeds hydration in water and osmotic solutions, in way to define appropriate conditions for priming of those seeds; ii) to evaluate the effects of priming on germination, vigour and performance of carrot seeds under water and temperature stress conditions. Two steps were conducted at Seed Research Laboratory in the University Federal of Viçosa using two seed lots of carrot, Brasília cultivar. In the first step, the seeds were imbibed in osmotic solutions of PEG 6000 at -1.0 and -1.2 MPa and in distilled water, in an incubator BOD at 20º C, using two different hydration methods: imbibition in paper towel moistened and in aerated solutions, provided by an air pump accomplished in the erlenmeyers containing the respective solutions. The imbibition curves for each seed lot were drawn after to determine the seed moisture content at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours hydration in water and after 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216, 264, 312 hours hydration in the PEG 6000 solutions. The data were submitted to the variance and regression analysis. In the second step, seeds of each lot were primed in PEG 6000 -1.0 and -1.2 MPa solutions for 4 and 8 days, at 20o C, using the both hydration methods described above (paper towel moistened and aerated osmotic solutions). Non-primed seeds were used as control. After priming, the seeds were dried at room temperature until reach initial seed moistened content. The seeds were submitted to the following tests: germination, first count, percentage and speed of seedling emergence in the field, seedling and primary root length, germination under sub-optimal and supra-optimal temperatures, germination under water stress and controlled deterioration. Trials were conducted in randomized completely design, with four replications, and analyzed as factorial experiment (2 lots x 2 priming methods x 5 priming treatments). The results allowed to conclude that seed hydration in the distilled water was faster than in PEG 6000 solutions, beginning the protrusion of the primary root at 48 hours imbibition, when they reached 54% of moisture content. Seeds imbibed in PEG 6000 -1.0 and -1.2 MPa solutions did not emit the primary root until 312 hours of imbibition, when the seed moisture content was 50%. The aeration of solutions allowed the fastest seed hydration when compared to the hydration in paper towel moistened. Seed priming was effective in increasing the percentage and speed of germination and seedling emergence in field. Increases in the percentage and germination speed were obtained by priming in PEG 6000 -1.0 MPa for 4 days, while larger seedling growth was observed in the PEG 6000 -1.2 MPa solution, for 8 days, with aeration. Seed performance under water and temperature stress conditions was improved by priming in PEG 6000 at -1.0 and -1.2 MPa, for four days.