Toxicidade de inseticidas para as abelhas Melipona quadrifasciata e Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

• Autor(a) principal: Del Sarto, Mário César Laboissièré
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/866
• topic: Melipona quadrifasciata; Abelha sem ferrão; Toxicidade; Inseticidas; Melipona quadrifasciata; Stingless bee; Toxicity; Insecticides; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::ENTOMOLOGIA AGRICOLA

The Melipona quadrifasciata (Lepeletier, 1836) is considered a potential pollinator of tomatoes in greenhouse. However, this pollinator may be directly affected by toxic compounds sprayed on the crop to control pests and diseases. The objective was to evaluate the lethal effects (LD50) of the insecticides abamectin, deltamethrin, spinosad and methamidophos to the stingless bee M. quadrifasciata (Lepeletier, 1836) and the Africanized honeybee Apis mellifera (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), using methods adapted from tests with A. mellifera by different routes of exposure. In tests of oral exposure, the insecticide formulations of abamectin, deltamethrin, spinosad and methamidophos were highly toxic (LD50 <1,0 &#956;g a.i./bee) for workers of M. quadrifasciata. The same took place for A. mellifera, with the exception of methamidophos, which was moderately toxic (LD50 1-10 &#956;g a.i./bee). Topical toxicity of the active ingredients abamectin, deltamethrin and methamidophos was low and these insecticides were virtually non-toxic (LD50 > 100 &#956;g a.i./bee) to M. quadrifasciata and A. mellifera, except for abamectin, which was moderately toxic to A. mellifera (LD50 1-10 &#956;g a.i./bee). The contact toxicity of abamectin and deltamethrin was moderate (LD50 1-10 &#956;g a.i./bee) and methamidophos was found to be slightly toxic (LD50 10-100 &#956;g a.i./bee) for M. quadrifasciata. In contrast, deltamethrin exhibited moderate toxicity to workers of A. mellifera (LD50 1-10 &#956;g a.i./bee), abamectin was slightly toxic (LD50 10-100 &#956;g a.i./bee) and methamidophos virtually non toxic (LD50 >100 &#956;g a.i./bee).