Composição e efeito da castanha de sapucaia (Lecythis pisonis Cambess.) nos parâmetros bioquímicos, histológicos e inflamatórios em ratos alimentados com dieta de cafeteria

• Autor(a) principal: Carvalho, Izabela Maria Montezano de
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/328
• topic: Castanha de sapucaia; Parâmetros bioquímicos; Sapucaia nut; Biochemical parameters; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::METABOLISMO E BIOENERGETICA

Currently the chestnuts have received special attention because they are natural sources of vitamins, minerals, proteins and essential fatty acids, and thus can contribute to the diet of humans and animals. Recent research confirms that these foods are also sources of bioactive compounds, which can bring significant benefits to human health. This study aimed to: assess the chemical composition of the species of sapucaia nuts (Lecythis pisonis Cambess.) collected in the southeastern state of Minas Gerais, through the centesimal composition (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, ash and moisture) mineral content by plasma spectrometry and lipid profile by gas chromatography; evaluate the effect of sapucaia nut consumption on metabolism in rats fed with a normal diet (AIN-93G) and cafeteria diet for four weeks, by analysis of biochemical parameters serum (glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein linked to cholesterol - HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides), histomorphometric evaluation of liver tissue (fat accumulation), and assessment of gene expression of inflammatory markers adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The analysis of the chemical composition of sapucaia nut founds 54.8% lipids, 26.82% protein, 5.01% carbohydrate, 3.17% ash and 10.2% moisture. The lipid profile revealed 43.1% of polyunsaturated fatty acids, 41.7% monounsaturated fatty acids and 15.2% saturated fatty acids. The minerals that were stressed by high levels were phosphorus, magnesium and manganese, revealing 941, 343 mg.100-1 and 4.8, respectively. Regarding the animal experiment, the addition of sapucaia nuts in the normal diet had no significant effect on biochemical and histological parameters evaluated. On the other hand, the expression of the genes evaluated in these groups revealed significant changes with increased gene expression of adiponectin and decreased gene expression of TNF-α after 4 weeks of the experiment in groups receiving sapucaia nut. The groups treated with cafeteria diet showed increased serum concentrations of glucose and total cholesterol with low HDL-cholesterol. In addition, the cafeteria diet led to significant accumulation of lipids in liver tissue. The addition of the nut sapucaia cafeteria diet did not alter the pattern of lipid accumulation in the liver of animals, but in relation to biochemical parameters decreased concentrations of blood glucose and cholesterol, while HDL-cholesterol was increased. Finally, the addition of sapucaia nuts in the cafeteria diet significantly increased the gene expression of adiponectin in adipose tissue of rats.