Impacto dos macronutrientes, do índice glicêmico e da carga glicêmica da dieta no controle glicêmico em diabéticos tipo 2

• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Anna Ligia Cabral da
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2733
• topic: Índice glicêmico; Glycemic índex; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

Adequate dietary habits has been one of the key factors needed to achieve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2). Carbohydrates, considering quality and/or quantity, are the most important nutrients that affect blood glucose, however lipids, proteins and fibers are also able to affect that. There s no consensus in the scientific community about the effect of diet on diabetes control, therefore, this study evaluated the effect of usual diet in glycemic control, food intake, weight and body composition of individuals with DM2. The usual intake of 44 participants had been separated in groups according to the content of macronutrients, VET and dietary GI and CG. Underreporting of data had been detected on 100 % of the subjects, and serious underreporting had been noted for 72.7%. The macronutrients average intake was adequate, as ADA and EASD, UK s guidelines. Results had shown that 63.6% (n = 28) of participants had low GI diet, 34% (n = 15) medium GI and 2.3% (n = 1) high GI, and 61.4% (n = 27) low GC and 38.6% (n = 17) medium GC. Most subjects had glycemic control and anthropometric indexes above the recommended targets. The usual adequate carbohydrates, lipids and proteins intake had resulted in improved glycemic control and dietary GI and/or GC lower than the other content macronutrients groups (p < 0.05). The same had been noted for low GC diet that also resulted in improved glycemic control of participants (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the usual intake of low GI and/or CG meals had resulted in anthropometric indexes above the targets recommended (p < 0.05), with decrease of IG or CG effects on anthropometry when the analyses were controlled by dietary lipids, proteins, fibers and VET. It s possible that other macronutrients, beyond underreporting on data records and questionnaires have intervened in these results. These findings had shown the necessity of studying these aspects in order to promote nutritional guidance for diabetic patients, improve your metabolic control and prevent disease s complications.