Coproduto do crambe na alimentação de bovinos

• Autor(a) principal: Mendonça, Bruno Pietsch Cunha
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1849
• topic: Co-produto; Consumo; Digestibilidade; Bovinos em crescimento; Ração; Byproduct; Consumption; Digestibility; Growth bovine; Ration; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of crambe meal and pie in the diet of beef cattle in feedlot. In the first experiment, eight Nellore weaned calves with rumen fistulae and average initial body weight of 177 ± 5.1 kg, kept in individual stalls and with unrestricted access to water and mineral mixture, were used for assessment of nutrient intake and digestibility. The animals were distributed in two Latin squares 4 x 4, being tested crambe pie in Latin square 1 and crambe meal in Latin square 2, included in the proportions of 0, 5, 10 and 15% on the dry matter basis in diets containing 73% of tifton 85 hay and 27% of concentrate based on corn meal, soybean meal and crambe pie or meal. The experiment was made up of four trial periods, with 18 days each, being the first five days for the adaptation of animals to the treatment and the sixth to tenth day to collect samples. The consumption of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and non fibrous carbohydrates did not differ between the different levels of inclusion of crambe pie or meal, but there was reduction of digestibility with increased crambe meal at most times. In the second experiment, five Nellore steers with average starting weight of 335 ± 12 kg, kept in individual stalls with feeders and with unrestricted access to water, were used for determining consumption and digestibility, and 40 steers with average body weight of 345 ± 14 kg for performance evaluation. In this study the initial diet was composed of 55% concentrate until the 7th day, 65% until the 14th day, 75% until the 21st day and 82% after the 21st day. The concentrate provided in the diets of adaptation contained in its composition 10% of crambe pie in order to adapt the animals to this ingredient. The final diet was made up 82% of concentrate and 18.2% of sorghum silage on dry matter basis and the inclusion levels of crambe pie were 0 (control), 5, 10, 15 and 20%. The concentrate ingredients were ground sorghum, soybean hulls, cottonseed, soybean crop residue, crambe pie and mineral protein premix. There was a decreasing linear effect of inclusion of crambe pie on body weight and increasing consumption of ether extract and cubic effect on consumption of neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFIap), where the largest value was observed in the control diet and diet and the smallest in the diet containing 20% crambe pie. The consumption of DM, CP, urea, CP form urea and NFCap, as well as the digestibilities and weight gain were not affected by treatments. In the third experiment, the animals were the same used in experiment 1, being the eleventh to the eighteenth day of each trial period for evaluation of gastrointestinal transit kinetics of fibrous particles, which was based on the provision of external indicator, in single-dose procedure. It was provided for each animal, 100 g of mordent fiber via ruminal fistula, at 08:00 of the eleventh day, being the fecal samples obtained directly from the rectum of animals in 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 and 120 hours after the delivery of the indicator for analysis of dry matter and chrome. Concentration profiles of indicators were analyzed through the model described in the literature as GNG1 considering time dependency order. Diets containing crambe pie presented lower retention time in the rumen-reticulum and, consequently, less total time of retention in gastrointestinal tract in relation to same diets with crambe meal. Diets containing 10% of crambe pie or meal presented lower retention time in the rumen-reticulum and in gastrointestinal tract in relation to other levels of inclusion (0, 5, and 15%). It is concluded that the crambe meal and pie can be used in up to 15% on dry matter of growing cattle diets without negative effect on consumption and nutrient digestibility, although there has been a tendency to reduction in consumption in the experiment with up to 20% of crambe pie inclusion in diets of feedlot cattle, but that was offset by higher digestibility of nutrients and good feed efficiency when compared to the control treatment.