Conflito territorial e soberania alimentar: um estudo de caso na comunidade quilombola Angelim I, no Sapê do Norte - ES

• Autor(a) principal: Pasini, Isabela Leão Ponce
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4211
• topic: Quilombos; Propriedade territorial; Negros - Posse de terra; Negros - Sapê do Norte, Espírito Santo - Condições sociais; Quilombos - Negros - Alimentação; Quilombos; Landed property; Black - Tenure; Black - North Sapê, Holy Spirit - Social conditions; Quilombo - Black - Power; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::EXTENSAO RURAL

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between food sovereignty and territorial conflict, through a case study of the quilombola community Angelim I, situated in the area known as Sapê do Norte , northern coast of Espírito Santo. There are many rural black communities in territorial conflict for nearly four decades derived from the territorialization of monoculture, especially eucalyptus, of the former company called Aracruz, current Fibria. Overlapping territorialities in conflict have generated implications for land use, affecting the food security and sovereignty of these communities. The "compressment", the scarcity of natural assets and the prohibition of traditional practices reflected on the way of living of the community. These changes promoted a situation of limited access to food, difficulty on reproducing farming practices, extraction and creation, as well as changes on the symbolic dimension of food. At the theoretical level, we treat the subject of territorial conflict, food security and sovereignty and quilombola community. The methodology consisted of a qualitative approach, making use of literature review, field work, focusing on the oral history of the residents about the changes in territory and in their relationship with food and the food. We also promoted a participatory mapping with the respective extended families in the community where residents pointed natural assets, the source, type and practice of accessing food in two different moments: before the arrival of firms and currently. This way we could visualize the spatial extent of these transformations. Our reading pointed out that access to food was mainly from the territory in the past time, being now dependent of purchasing. There is the persistence of practices such as cultivation, breeding animals, the cooking of flour and beiju, however, being reduced. Practices such as hunting and fishing, important food sources that made up the daily food, have become infeasible either by erosion of natural assets such as forests, rivers, streams and ponds, as well as by the current environmental legislation relating to conservation unit.