From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Gasparini, Amedeo
Data de Publicação: 2023
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Diversitas Journal
Texto Completo: https://diversitasjournal.com.br/diversitas_journal/article/view/2667
Resumo: Liberalism emerged theoretically strengthened in the World War I’s aftermath. The start of a new liberal order in 1918-9 did not mean that it would last forever or that it had no opponents. Imperial autocracy was replaced by collectivism: both from the left (Communism) and the right (Nazism and Fascism). The Wilsonian world system, based on trade and institutions, was later put under attack by totalitarianism that weakened liberalism. Liberalism as a foreign policy and its core elements were reinvigorated thanks to the conflict – at least in Western Europe. Firstly, the fact that trade leads to peace, as explained by Norman Angell. Secondly, that institutionalism, democracy, and self-determination strengthened states, easing cooperation among them, as advocated by Woodrow Wilson. Lastly, the fact that peaceful European unity to fight the external challengers and get independence will benefit, according to Richard Coubenhove-Kalergi, the European people.
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spelling From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I EuropeDo imperialismo ao liberalismo. Reinventando o comércio, as instituições e a unidade na Europa pós-Primeira Guerra MundialImperialismLiberalismTradeInstitutionsWorld War IHistoryImperialismoLiberalismoComércioInstituiçõesPrimeira Guerra MundialHistóriaLiberalism emerged theoretically strengthened in the World War I’s aftermath. The start of a new liberal order in 1918-9 did not mean that it would last forever or that it had no opponents. Imperial autocracy was replaced by collectivism: both from the left (Communism) and the right (Nazism and Fascism). The Wilsonian world system, based on trade and institutions, was later put under attack by totalitarianism that weakened liberalism. Liberalism as a foreign policy and its core elements were reinvigorated thanks to the conflict – at least in Western Europe. Firstly, the fact that trade leads to peace, as explained by Norman Angell. Secondly, that institutionalism, democracy, and self-determination strengthened states, easing cooperation among them, as advocated by Woodrow Wilson. Lastly, the fact that peaceful European unity to fight the external challengers and get independence will benefit, according to Richard Coubenhove-Kalergi, the European people.O liberalismo emergiu fortalecido teoricamente no rescaldo da Primeira Guerra Mundial. O início de uma nova ordem liberal em 1918-9 não significava que duraria para sempre ou que não teria oponentes. A autocracia imperial foi substituída pelo coletivismo: tanto da esquerda (comunismo) quanto da direita (nazismo e fascismo). O sistema mundial wilsoniano, baseado no comércio e nas instituições, foi posteriormente atacado pelo totalitarismo que enfraqueceu o liberalismo. O liberalismo como política externa e seus elementos centrais foram revigorados graças ao conflito – pelo menos na Europa Ocidental. Em primeiro lugar, o fato de que o comércio leva à paz, como explica Norman Angell. Em segundo lugar, que o institucionalismo, a democracia e a autodeterminação fortaleceram os Estados, facilitando a cooperação entre eles, conforme defendido por Woodrow Wilson. Por fim, o fato de que a unidade européia pacífica para lutar contra os adversários externos e obter a independência será beneficiado, de acordo com Richard Coubenhove-Kalergi, o povo europeu.Universidade Estadual de Alagoas - Eduneal2023-08-03info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://diversitasjournal.com.br/diversitas_journal/article/view/266710.48017/dj.v8i3.2667Diversitas Journal; Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): Education: a look to the future; 3015-3021Diversitas Journal; Vol. 8 Núm. 3 (2023): Educación: una mirada al futuro; 3015-3021Diversitas Journal; v. 8 n. 3 (2023): Educação: um olhar para o futuro; 3015-30212525-521510.48017/dj.v8i3reponame:Diversitas Journalinstname:Universidade Estadual de Alagoas (UNEAL)instacron:UNEALenghttps://diversitasjournal.com.br/diversitas_journal/article/view/2667/2208Copyright (c) 2023 Amedeo Gasparinihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessGasparini, Amedeo2023-10-13T15:14:50Zoai:ojs.diversitasjournal.com.br:article/2667Revistahttps://diversitasjournal.com.br/diversitas_journal/indexPUBhttps://www.e-publicacoes.uerj.br/index.php/muralinternacional/oairevistadiversitasjournal@gmail.com2525-52152525-5215opendoar:2023-10-13T15:14:50Diversitas Journal - Universidade Estadual de Alagoas (UNEAL)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe
Do imperialismo ao liberalismo. Reinventando o comércio, as instituições e a unidade na Europa pós-Primeira Guerra Mundial
title From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe
spellingShingle From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe
Gasparini, Amedeo
Imperialism
Liberalism
Trade
Institutions
World War I
History
Imperialismo
Liberalismo
Comércio
Instituições
Primeira Guerra Mundial
História
title_short From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe
title_full From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe
title_fullStr From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe
title_full_unstemmed From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe
title_sort From imperialism to liberalism. Reinventing trade, institutions, and unity in post-World War I Europe
author Gasparini, Amedeo
author_facet Gasparini, Amedeo
author_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Gasparini, Amedeo
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Imperialism
Liberalism
Trade
Institutions
World War I
History
Imperialismo
Liberalismo
Comércio
Instituições
Primeira Guerra Mundial
História
topic Imperialism
Liberalism
Trade
Institutions
World War I
History
Imperialismo
Liberalismo
Comércio
Instituições
Primeira Guerra Mundial
História
description Liberalism emerged theoretically strengthened in the World War I’s aftermath. The start of a new liberal order in 1918-9 did not mean that it would last forever or that it had no opponents. Imperial autocracy was replaced by collectivism: both from the left (Communism) and the right (Nazism and Fascism). The Wilsonian world system, based on trade and institutions, was later put under attack by totalitarianism that weakened liberalism. Liberalism as a foreign policy and its core elements were reinvigorated thanks to the conflict – at least in Western Europe. Firstly, the fact that trade leads to peace, as explained by Norman Angell. Secondly, that institutionalism, democracy, and self-determination strengthened states, easing cooperation among them, as advocated by Woodrow Wilson. Lastly, the fact that peaceful European unity to fight the external challengers and get independence will benefit, according to Richard Coubenhove-Kalergi, the European people.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-08-03
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://diversitasjournal.com.br/diversitas_journal/article/view/2667
10.48017/dj.v8i3.2667
url https://diversitasjournal.com.br/diversitas_journal/article/view/2667
identifier_str_mv 10.48017/dj.v8i3.2667
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://diversitasjournal.com.br/diversitas_journal/article/view/2667/2208
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2023 Amedeo Gasparini
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Copyright (c) 2023 Amedeo Gasparini
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual de Alagoas - Eduneal
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual de Alagoas - Eduneal
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Diversitas Journal; Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): Education: a look to the future; 3015-3021
Diversitas Journal; Vol. 8 Núm. 3 (2023): Educación: una mirada al futuro; 3015-3021
Diversitas Journal; v. 8 n. 3 (2023): Educação: um olhar para o futuro; 3015-3021
2525-5215
10.48017/dj.v8i3
reponame:Diversitas Journal
instname:Universidade Estadual de Alagoas (UNEAL)
instacron:UNEAL
instname_str Universidade Estadual de Alagoas (UNEAL)
instacron_str UNEAL
institution UNEAL
reponame_str Diversitas Journal
collection Diversitas Journal
repository.name.fl_str_mv Diversitas Journal - Universidade Estadual de Alagoas (UNEAL)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv revistadiversitasjournal@gmail.com
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