Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Outros Autores: | |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por eng |
Título da fonte: | Alfa (São José do Rio Preto. Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/view/10235 |
Resumo: | In this article, we discuss different concepts of obligation based on the distinction originally established by Feldman (1986): (i) ought-to-be interpretation, which involves a property that a certain state of affairs must occur; and (ii) ought-to-do interpretation, which relates an agent to a state of affairs. We assume this conceptual distinction results from structural differences. In this line of argument, we follow authors like Brennan (1993) and Hacquard (2006, 2010). Since there isn’t yet a proposal of structural representation in the literature that contemplates the ought-to-be interpretation, we searched for evidence in Brazilian Portuguese to ascertain more precisely the position at which this deontic is structurally merged in order to generate its interpretation. We scrutinized factors such as the deontic’s orientation, its relation to other modal heads and also to tense and aspect categories. Our tests confirmed the existence of a high deontic (ought-to-be). This particular modal displays the properties of a directive speech act, being oriented towards an agent in the speech situation (usually the addressee), and it does not bear aspect or tense markers. Even though ought-to-be deontics don’t share all of these properties with the epistemics, there is evidence that they occupy the same position in the structure. Lastly, we also suggested that ought-to-be, ought-to-do deontics and epistemics can be distinguished on the basis of two features: agentivity [Ag] and assertion [Assert]. |
id |
UNESP-4_e669a3793a4ef13f8a364f48d3708865 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/10235 |
network_acronym_str |
UNESP-4 |
network_name_str |
Alfa (São José do Rio Preto. Online) |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic ModalPropriedades do modal deôntico ought-to-beDeontic ModalityOught-to-be DeonticsCinque’s hierarchyFeature checkingModalidade DeônticaDeônticos Ought-to-beHierarquia de CinqueChecagem de traçosIn this article, we discuss different concepts of obligation based on the distinction originally established by Feldman (1986): (i) ought-to-be interpretation, which involves a property that a certain state of affairs must occur; and (ii) ought-to-do interpretation, which relates an agent to a state of affairs. We assume this conceptual distinction results from structural differences. In this line of argument, we follow authors like Brennan (1993) and Hacquard (2006, 2010). Since there isn’t yet a proposal of structural representation in the literature that contemplates the ought-to-be interpretation, we searched for evidence in Brazilian Portuguese to ascertain more precisely the position at which this deontic is structurally merged in order to generate its interpretation. We scrutinized factors such as the deontic’s orientation, its relation to other modal heads and also to tense and aspect categories. Our tests confirmed the existence of a high deontic (ought-to-be). This particular modal displays the properties of a directive speech act, being oriented towards an agent in the speech situation (usually the addressee), and it does not bear aspect or tense markers. Even though ought-to-be deontics don’t share all of these properties with the epistemics, there is evidence that they occupy the same position in the structure. Lastly, we also suggested that ought-to-be, ought-to-do deontics and epistemics can be distinguished on the basis of two features: agentivity [Ag] and assertion [Assert].Neste artigo, discutimos diferentes conceitos de obrigação a partir da distinção estabelecida por feldman (1986): (i) interpretação ought-to-be, que envolve uma propriedade de um estado de coisas que deve ocorrer; e (ii) interpretação ought-to-do, que relaciona um agente a um estado de coisas. supomos que tal distinção conceitual resulta de diferenças estruturais. nessa linha, seguimos brennan (1993) e hacquard (2006, 2010). como ainda não há na literatura uma proposta de representação estrutural que dê conta da interpretação ought-to-be, buscamos evidências no português brasileiro para depreender mais precisamente a posição em que o deôntico é concatenado na estrutura para gerar essa interpetação. analisamos fatores como orientação dos deônticos, relação com outros núcleos modais e com categorias de tempo e aspecto. nossos testes apontaram para a existência de um deôntico alto (ought-to-be). este exibe propriedades de um ato de fala diretivo, é orientado para um agente na situação de fala (geralmente o addressee) e não carrega marcas de tempo ou aspecto. embora o deôntico ought-to-be não compartilhe todas essas propriedades com o modal epistêmico, há evidências de que esses modais ocupam a mesma posição na estrutura. por fim, propomos distinguir deônticos ought-to-be de epistêmicos e de deônticos ought-to-do a partir de dois traços: agentividade [ag] e asserção [assert].UNESP2018-08-08info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/view/1023510.1590/1981-5794-1807-6ALFA: Revista de Linguística; v. 62 n. 2 (2018)1981-5794reponame:Alfa (São José do Rio Preto. Online)instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPporenghttps://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/view/10235/7514https://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/view/10235/7518Copyright (c) 2018 ALFA: Revista de Linguísticainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessRech, Núbia FerreiraVaraschin, Giuseppe2018-09-16T20:33:09Zoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/10235Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1981-5794&lng=pt&nrm=isoPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phpalfa@unesp.br1981-57940002-5216opendoar:2018-09-16T20:33:09Alfa (São José do Rio Preto. Online) - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal Propriedades do modal deôntico ought-to-be |
title |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal |
spellingShingle |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal Rech, Núbia Ferreira Deontic Modality Ought-to-be Deontics Cinque’s hierarchy Feature checking Modalidade Deôntica Deônticos Ought-to-be Hierarquia de Cinque Checagem de traços |
title_short |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal |
title_full |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal |
title_fullStr |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal |
title_sort |
Properties of the Ought-to-be Deontic Modal |
author |
Rech, Núbia Ferreira |
author_facet |
Rech, Núbia Ferreira Varaschin, Giuseppe |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Varaschin, Giuseppe |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Rech, Núbia Ferreira Varaschin, Giuseppe |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Deontic Modality Ought-to-be Deontics Cinque’s hierarchy Feature checking Modalidade Deôntica Deônticos Ought-to-be Hierarquia de Cinque Checagem de traços |
topic |
Deontic Modality Ought-to-be Deontics Cinque’s hierarchy Feature checking Modalidade Deôntica Deônticos Ought-to-be Hierarquia de Cinque Checagem de traços |
description |
In this article, we discuss different concepts of obligation based on the distinction originally established by Feldman (1986): (i) ought-to-be interpretation, which involves a property that a certain state of affairs must occur; and (ii) ought-to-do interpretation, which relates an agent to a state of affairs. We assume this conceptual distinction results from structural differences. In this line of argument, we follow authors like Brennan (1993) and Hacquard (2006, 2010). Since there isn’t yet a proposal of structural representation in the literature that contemplates the ought-to-be interpretation, we searched for evidence in Brazilian Portuguese to ascertain more precisely the position at which this deontic is structurally merged in order to generate its interpretation. We scrutinized factors such as the deontic’s orientation, its relation to other modal heads and also to tense and aspect categories. Our tests confirmed the existence of a high deontic (ought-to-be). This particular modal displays the properties of a directive speech act, being oriented towards an agent in the speech situation (usually the addressee), and it does not bear aspect or tense markers. Even though ought-to-be deontics don’t share all of these properties with the epistemics, there is evidence that they occupy the same position in the structure. Lastly, we also suggested that ought-to-be, ought-to-do deontics and epistemics can be distinguished on the basis of two features: agentivity [Ag] and assertion [Assert]. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-08-08 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/view/10235 10.1590/1981-5794-1807-6 |
url |
https://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/view/10235 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.1590/1981-5794-1807-6 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por eng |
language |
por eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/view/10235/7514 https://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/alfa/article/view/10235/7518 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2018 ALFA: Revista de Linguística info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2018 ALFA: Revista de Linguística |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
UNESP |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
UNESP |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
ALFA: Revista de Linguística; v. 62 n. 2 (2018) 1981-5794 reponame:Alfa (São José do Rio Preto. Online) instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Alfa (São José do Rio Preto. Online) |
collection |
Alfa (São José do Rio Preto. Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Alfa (São José do Rio Preto. Online) - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
alfa@unesp.br |
_version_ |
1800214377425534976 |