The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2015 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | PARC (Campinas) |
Texto Completo: | https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/article/view/8635025 |
Resumo: | This paper goes back fifty years to a period that can be considered the birth of the computational design research. During the sixties the computer was only accessible to a few mathematicians or programmers and it becomes object of a much wider theorization and influence. Calculus and mathematical logic inherent to the computer support the emergence of areas including the information theory and the operational research, which would call the attention of social science and arts. Some Design and Architecture Research Centers, in the UK and the USA start using the computer to support design methodologies based on analysis and mathematical logic as well as to assist the design conception process. A similar approach can also be found at he Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm (HfG-Ulm), in Germany, founded in 1953 by the Swiss architect Max Bill. Despite its short existence, it was considered a very important school in the twentieth century, where a remarkable group of teachers and ideas converged. In this context, this paper describes the relevance of the HfG Ulm regarding the exploration of scientific analysis methods associated with the Design Process. Comparing to other contemporary Research Centers, this approach at the HfG Ulm was remarkable because it was introduced and practiced without the use of computers. Therefore, this paper dedicate its attention to tracing, analyzing and illustrating the particular contribution of Horst Rittel, based on the manuscripts used at the HfG-Ulm classes. Being a mathematician, his integration in the design curriculum was innovative and resulted in the development of a scientific methodology in design. This article thoroughly demonstrate that the work developed by some teachers, like Horst Rittel launched the foundations that constitute the basis for further computational approaches in architecture. |
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The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational eraContribuição de Horst Rittel para a abordagem científica ao projecto no início da era computacionalHfG - Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm. Horst Rittel. Scientific Methodolog. Computational Design.Hochschule für Gestaltung of Ulm. Horst Rittel. Metodologia científica. Design ComputacionalThis paper goes back fifty years to a period that can be considered the birth of the computational design research. During the sixties the computer was only accessible to a few mathematicians or programmers and it becomes object of a much wider theorization and influence. Calculus and mathematical logic inherent to the computer support the emergence of areas including the information theory and the operational research, which would call the attention of social science and arts. Some Design and Architecture Research Centers, in the UK and the USA start using the computer to support design methodologies based on analysis and mathematical logic as well as to assist the design conception process. A similar approach can also be found at he Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm (HfG-Ulm), in Germany, founded in 1953 by the Swiss architect Max Bill. Despite its short existence, it was considered a very important school in the twentieth century, where a remarkable group of teachers and ideas converged. In this context, this paper describes the relevance of the HfG Ulm regarding the exploration of scientific analysis methods associated with the Design Process. Comparing to other contemporary Research Centers, this approach at the HfG Ulm was remarkable because it was introduced and practiced without the use of computers. Therefore, this paper dedicate its attention to tracing, analyzing and illustrating the particular contribution of Horst Rittel, based on the manuscripts used at the HfG-Ulm classes. Being a mathematician, his integration in the design curriculum was innovative and resulted in the development of a scientific methodology in design. This article thoroughly demonstrate that the work developed by some teachers, like Horst Rittel launched the foundations that constitute the basis for further computational approaches in architecture.Este artigo desenvolve uma análise sobre parte do contexto cultural e tecnológico que contribuiu para o surgimento do pensamento e prática computacional na arquitectura. Pretende-se questionar e demonstrar a relevância da contribuição de Horst Rittel para a abordagem científica ao Projecto no início da era computacional, durante a sua colaboração como professor na Hochschule für Gestaltung - Ulm, Alemanha, no contexto da análise de métodos científicos associados ao projecto, ainda sem a utilização de computadores. Argumenta-se que nesta Escola, através das ideias desenvolvidas por professores tal como Horst Rittel, criaram-se fundamentos que estão na base das posteriores abordagens computacionais na arquitectura, as quais mais tarde vieram a utilizar a computação não como uma ferramenta de desenho geométrico, mas sim como uma ferramenta de desenho computacional. Algumas destas matérias viriam a ser investigadas e ampliadas anos depois em centros de investigação académicos de departamentos de Arquitectura e Design. Para dar resposta à questão levantada durante a investigação do presente artigo, procedeu-se à análise do material da biblioteca da Escola, encerrada em 1968, que se encontra armazenado no Arquivo e Museu da HfG-Ulm, sendo que a recolha de material original das aulas das disciplinas científicas que Horst Rittel leccionava, proveniente desse Arquivo, foi o eixo metodológico fulcral do presente trabalho. Esta investigação contribuiu assim para clarificar alguns territórios não tão investigados, servindo esta de complemento a uma série de outras investigações que analisam as relações e sinergias entre protagonistas e instituições, que conformaram uma perspectiva computacional na arquitetura nos anos 60. Finalmente, este artigo contribuiu assim para cartografar e estudar o papel do matemático e investigador Horst Rittel, suas ideias distintivas, pelo modo como definiram uma nova abordagem ao projecto, marcadamente influenciada por métodos científicos.Universidade Estadual de Campinas2015-03-31info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPesquisa Histórica; Revisão de Literatura; Estudo de Caso;Literature Review; Theoretical discussionapplication/pdfapplication/mswordhttps://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/article/view/863502510.20396/parc.v6i1.8635025PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2015); 39-55PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção; Vol. 6 Núm. 1 (2015); 39-55PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção; v. 6 n. 1 (2015); 39-551980-6809reponame:PARC (Campinas)instname:Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)instacron:UNICAMPporhttps://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/article/view/8635025/4273https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/article/view/8635025/19519Copyright (c) 2018 PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construçãoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessNeves, Isabel Clara2019-06-17T15:20:38Zoai:ojs.periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br:article/8635025Revistahttp://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parcPUBhttps://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/oai||parc@fec.unicamp.br1980-68091980-6809opendoar:2022-11-08T14:24:35.440363PARC (Campinas) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era Contribuição de Horst Rittel para a abordagem científica ao projecto no início da era computacional |
title |
The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era |
spellingShingle |
The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era Neves, Isabel Clara HfG - Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm. Horst Rittel. Scientific Methodolog. Computational Design. Hochschule für Gestaltung of Ulm. Horst Rittel. Metodologia científica. Design Computacional |
title_short |
The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era |
title_full |
The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era |
title_fullStr |
The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era |
title_full_unstemmed |
The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era |
title_sort |
The contribution of Horst Rittel to the scientific approach to design in the beginning of the computational era |
author |
Neves, Isabel Clara |
author_facet |
Neves, Isabel Clara |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Neves, Isabel Clara |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
HfG - Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm. Horst Rittel. Scientific Methodolog. Computational Design. Hochschule für Gestaltung of Ulm. Horst Rittel. Metodologia científica. Design Computacional |
topic |
HfG - Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm. Horst Rittel. Scientific Methodolog. Computational Design. Hochschule für Gestaltung of Ulm. Horst Rittel. Metodologia científica. Design Computacional |
description |
This paper goes back fifty years to a period that can be considered the birth of the computational design research. During the sixties the computer was only accessible to a few mathematicians or programmers and it becomes object of a much wider theorization and influence. Calculus and mathematical logic inherent to the computer support the emergence of areas including the information theory and the operational research, which would call the attention of social science and arts. Some Design and Architecture Research Centers, in the UK and the USA start using the computer to support design methodologies based on analysis and mathematical logic as well as to assist the design conception process. A similar approach can also be found at he Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm (HfG-Ulm), in Germany, founded in 1953 by the Swiss architect Max Bill. Despite its short existence, it was considered a very important school in the twentieth century, where a remarkable group of teachers and ideas converged. In this context, this paper describes the relevance of the HfG Ulm regarding the exploration of scientific analysis methods associated with the Design Process. Comparing to other contemporary Research Centers, this approach at the HfG Ulm was remarkable because it was introduced and practiced without the use of computers. Therefore, this paper dedicate its attention to tracing, analyzing and illustrating the particular contribution of Horst Rittel, based on the manuscripts used at the HfG-Ulm classes. Being a mathematician, his integration in the design curriculum was innovative and resulted in the development of a scientific methodology in design. This article thoroughly demonstrate that the work developed by some teachers, like Horst Rittel launched the foundations that constitute the basis for further computational approaches in architecture. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2015-03-31 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Pesquisa Histórica; Revisão de Literatura; Estudo de Caso; Literature Review; Theoretical discussion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/article/view/8635025 10.20396/parc.v6i1.8635025 |
url |
https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/article/view/8635025 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.20396/parc.v6i1.8635025 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/article/view/8635025/4273 https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/parc/article/view/8635025/19519 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2018 PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2018 PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/msword |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Campinas |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Campinas |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2015); 39-55 PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção; Vol. 6 Núm. 1 (2015); 39-55 PARC Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Construção; v. 6 n. 1 (2015); 39-55 1980-6809 reponame:PARC (Campinas) instname:Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) instacron:UNICAMP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) |
instacron_str |
UNICAMP |
institution |
UNICAMP |
reponame_str |
PARC (Campinas) |
collection |
PARC (Campinas) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
PARC (Campinas) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||parc@fec.unicamp.br |
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1800216628728692736 |