A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/240949 |
Resumo: | We present the design and fabrication of a reconfigurable smart-sensor for measuring moisture content (MC) and temperature in grains stored in silos, using a capacitance fringing field interdigitated sensor and using a resistance temperature detector (RTD), both implemented on a single conventional printed circuit board. The sensor was tested in laboratory, using corn kernels with percent MC in the range of MC = 8% to MC = 32% and, using a simple relaxation oscillator and a frequency-to-voltage converter, we measured a capacitance variation of Δ C = 4.99 pf, with a sensitivity S = 0.21pF/%MC. The RTD sensor, which uses the copper resistance of the PCB tracks, was characterized in the 10°C - 50°C temperature range and the measured results presented a very linear behavior (R2 = 0.99888) when compared to the measured temperature values using a commercial sensor (LM135). A modified bridge circuit was developed, where a linear behavior of the differential output was obtained. The developed configuration allowed for the independent adjustment of both the offset and the gain in the output voltage Vout of the bridge. The bridge signal processing circuit was calibrated using an endpoint method, and the measured points between the calibration points presented a maximum endpoint nonlinearity error of |Enl| = 0.64°C. |
id |
UNSP_49f67a939f2cabe2ea6146e128b5775b |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/240949 |
network_acronym_str |
UNSP |
network_name_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository_id_str |
2946 |
spelling |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored GrainCapacitive sensorsgrain storagelow-power circuitsmultisensorsPCB sensorstemperature sensorsWe present the design and fabrication of a reconfigurable smart-sensor for measuring moisture content (MC) and temperature in grains stored in silos, using a capacitance fringing field interdigitated sensor and using a resistance temperature detector (RTD), both implemented on a single conventional printed circuit board. The sensor was tested in laboratory, using corn kernels with percent MC in the range of MC = 8% to MC = 32% and, using a simple relaxation oscillator and a frequency-to-voltage converter, we measured a capacitance variation of Δ C = 4.99 pf, with a sensitivity S = 0.21pF/%MC. The RTD sensor, which uses the copper resistance of the PCB tracks, was characterized in the 10°C - 50°C temperature range and the measured results presented a very linear behavior (R2 = 0.99888) when compared to the measured temperature values using a commercial sensor (LM135). A modified bridge circuit was developed, where a linear behavior of the differential output was obtained. The developed configuration allowed for the independent adjustment of both the offset and the gain in the output voltage Vout of the bridge. The bridge signal processing circuit was calibrated using an endpoint method, and the measured points between the calibration points presented a maximum endpoint nonlinearity error of |Enl| = 0.64°C.University of Campinas School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, São PauloAuburn University Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringAuburn University Department of Crop Soil and Environmental SciencesSão Paulo State University Faculty of Science and Engineering, TupãUniversidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR) Department of Electrical Engineering, Cornélio ProcópioSão Paulo State University Faculty of Science and Engineering, TupãUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Auburn UniversitySoil and Environmental SciencesUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR)Santos, Adelson dosDean, Robert NealGuertal, Elizabeth A.Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP]Carvalhaes-Dias, PedroDuarte, Luis F. CaparrozDias, Jose A. Siqueira2023-03-01T20:40:08Z2023-03-01T20:40:08Z2022-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, v. 71.1557-96620018-9456http://hdl.handle.net/11449/24094910.1109/TIM.2022.31709792-s2.0-85129624374Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengIEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurementinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-06-10T14:49:30Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/240949Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T23:22:36.809943Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain |
title |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain |
spellingShingle |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain Santos, Adelson dos Capacitive sensors grain storage low-power circuits multisensors PCB sensors temperature sensors |
title_short |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain |
title_full |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain |
title_fullStr |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain |
title_sort |
A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain |
author |
Santos, Adelson dos |
author_facet |
Santos, Adelson dos Dean, Robert Neal Guertal, Elizabeth A. Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP] Carvalhaes-Dias, Pedro Duarte, Luis F. Caparroz Dias, Jose A. Siqueira |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Dean, Robert Neal Guertal, Elizabeth A. Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP] Carvalhaes-Dias, Pedro Duarte, Luis F. Caparroz Dias, Jose A. Siqueira |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Auburn University Soil and Environmental Sciences Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Adelson dos Dean, Robert Neal Guertal, Elizabeth A. Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP] Carvalhaes-Dias, Pedro Duarte, Luis F. Caparroz Dias, Jose A. Siqueira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Capacitive sensors grain storage low-power circuits multisensors PCB sensors temperature sensors |
topic |
Capacitive sensors grain storage low-power circuits multisensors PCB sensors temperature sensors |
description |
We present the design and fabrication of a reconfigurable smart-sensor for measuring moisture content (MC) and temperature in grains stored in silos, using a capacitance fringing field interdigitated sensor and using a resistance temperature detector (RTD), both implemented on a single conventional printed circuit board. The sensor was tested in laboratory, using corn kernels with percent MC in the range of MC = 8% to MC = 32% and, using a simple relaxation oscillator and a frequency-to-voltage converter, we measured a capacitance variation of Δ C = 4.99 pf, with a sensitivity S = 0.21pF/%MC. The RTD sensor, which uses the copper resistance of the PCB tracks, was characterized in the 10°C - 50°C temperature range and the measured results presented a very linear behavior (R2 = 0.99888) when compared to the measured temperature values using a commercial sensor (LM135). A modified bridge circuit was developed, where a linear behavior of the differential output was obtained. The developed configuration allowed for the independent adjustment of both the offset and the gain in the output voltage Vout of the bridge. The bridge signal processing circuit was calibrated using an endpoint method, and the measured points between the calibration points presented a maximum endpoint nonlinearity error of |Enl| = 0.64°C. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-01-01 2023-03-01T20:40:08Z 2023-03-01T20:40:08Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979 IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, v. 71. 1557-9662 0018-9456 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/240949 10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979 2-s2.0-85129624374 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/240949 |
identifier_str_mv |
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, v. 71. 1557-9662 0018-9456 10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979 2-s2.0-85129624374 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808129513946611712 |