A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Santos, Adelson dos
Data de Publicação: 2022
Outros Autores: Dean, Robert Neal, Guertal, Elizabeth A., Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP], Carvalhaes-Dias, Pedro, Duarte, Luis F. Caparroz, Dias, Jose A. Siqueira
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/240949
Resumo: We present the design and fabrication of a reconfigurable smart-sensor for measuring moisture content (MC) and temperature in grains stored in silos, using a capacitance fringing field interdigitated sensor and using a resistance temperature detector (RTD), both implemented on a single conventional printed circuit board. The sensor was tested in laboratory, using corn kernels with percent MC in the range of MC = 8% to MC = 32% and, using a simple relaxation oscillator and a frequency-to-voltage converter, we measured a capacitance variation of Δ C = 4.99 pf, with a sensitivity S = 0.21pF/%MC. The RTD sensor, which uses the copper resistance of the PCB tracks, was characterized in the 10°C - 50°C temperature range and the measured results presented a very linear behavior (R2 = 0.99888) when compared to the measured temperature values using a commercial sensor (LM135). A modified bridge circuit was developed, where a linear behavior of the differential output was obtained. The developed configuration allowed for the independent adjustment of both the offset and the gain in the output voltage Vout of the bridge. The bridge signal processing circuit was calibrated using an endpoint method, and the measured points between the calibration points presented a maximum endpoint nonlinearity error of |Enl| = 0.64°C.
id UNSP_49f67a939f2cabe2ea6146e128b5775b
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/240949
network_acronym_str UNSP
network_name_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository_id_str 2946
spelling A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored GrainCapacitive sensorsgrain storagelow-power circuitsmultisensorsPCB sensorstemperature sensorsWe present the design and fabrication of a reconfigurable smart-sensor for measuring moisture content (MC) and temperature in grains stored in silos, using a capacitance fringing field interdigitated sensor and using a resistance temperature detector (RTD), both implemented on a single conventional printed circuit board. The sensor was tested in laboratory, using corn kernels with percent MC in the range of MC = 8% to MC = 32% and, using a simple relaxation oscillator and a frequency-to-voltage converter, we measured a capacitance variation of Δ C = 4.99 pf, with a sensitivity S = 0.21pF/%MC. The RTD sensor, which uses the copper resistance of the PCB tracks, was characterized in the 10°C - 50°C temperature range and the measured results presented a very linear behavior (R2 = 0.99888) when compared to the measured temperature values using a commercial sensor (LM135). A modified bridge circuit was developed, where a linear behavior of the differential output was obtained. The developed configuration allowed for the independent adjustment of both the offset and the gain in the output voltage Vout of the bridge. The bridge signal processing circuit was calibrated using an endpoint method, and the measured points between the calibration points presented a maximum endpoint nonlinearity error of |Enl| = 0.64°C.University of Campinas School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, São PauloAuburn University Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringAuburn University Department of Crop Soil and Environmental SciencesSão Paulo State University Faculty of Science and Engineering, TupãUniversidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR) Department of Electrical Engineering, Cornélio ProcópioSão Paulo State University Faculty of Science and Engineering, TupãUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Auburn UniversitySoil and Environmental SciencesUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR)Santos, Adelson dosDean, Robert NealGuertal, Elizabeth A.Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP]Carvalhaes-Dias, PedroDuarte, Luis F. CaparrozDias, Jose A. Siqueira2023-03-01T20:40:08Z2023-03-01T20:40:08Z2022-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, v. 71.1557-96620018-9456http://hdl.handle.net/11449/24094910.1109/TIM.2022.31709792-s2.0-85129624374Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengIEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurementinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-06-10T14:49:30Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/240949Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T23:22:36.809943Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
title A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
spellingShingle A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
Santos, Adelson dos
Capacitive sensors
grain storage
low-power circuits
multisensors
PCB sensors
temperature sensors
title_short A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
title_full A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
title_fullStr A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
title_full_unstemmed A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
title_sort A Reconfigurable Multisensor Based on Printed Circuit Board Technology for Measuring Moisture Content and Temperature in Stored Grain
author Santos, Adelson dos
author_facet Santos, Adelson dos
Dean, Robert Neal
Guertal, Elizabeth A.
Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP]
Carvalhaes-Dias, Pedro
Duarte, Luis F. Caparroz
Dias, Jose A. Siqueira
author_role author
author2 Dean, Robert Neal
Guertal, Elizabeth A.
Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP]
Carvalhaes-Dias, Pedro
Duarte, Luis F. Caparroz
Dias, Jose A. Siqueira
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Auburn University
Soil and Environmental Sciences
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR)
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Santos, Adelson dos
Dean, Robert Neal
Guertal, Elizabeth A.
Morais, Flavio J. O. [UNESP]
Carvalhaes-Dias, Pedro
Duarte, Luis F. Caparroz
Dias, Jose A. Siqueira
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Capacitive sensors
grain storage
low-power circuits
multisensors
PCB sensors
temperature sensors
topic Capacitive sensors
grain storage
low-power circuits
multisensors
PCB sensors
temperature sensors
description We present the design and fabrication of a reconfigurable smart-sensor for measuring moisture content (MC) and temperature in grains stored in silos, using a capacitance fringing field interdigitated sensor and using a resistance temperature detector (RTD), both implemented on a single conventional printed circuit board. The sensor was tested in laboratory, using corn kernels with percent MC in the range of MC = 8% to MC = 32% and, using a simple relaxation oscillator and a frequency-to-voltage converter, we measured a capacitance variation of Δ C = 4.99 pf, with a sensitivity S = 0.21pF/%MC. The RTD sensor, which uses the copper resistance of the PCB tracks, was characterized in the 10°C - 50°C temperature range and the measured results presented a very linear behavior (R2 = 0.99888) when compared to the measured temperature values using a commercial sensor (LM135). A modified bridge circuit was developed, where a linear behavior of the differential output was obtained. The developed configuration allowed for the independent adjustment of both the offset and the gain in the output voltage Vout of the bridge. The bridge signal processing circuit was calibrated using an endpoint method, and the measured points between the calibration points presented a maximum endpoint nonlinearity error of |Enl| = 0.64°C.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-01-01
2023-03-01T20:40:08Z
2023-03-01T20:40:08Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, v. 71.
1557-9662
0018-9456
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/240949
10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979
2-s2.0-85129624374
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/240949
identifier_str_mv IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, v. 71.
1557-9662
0018-9456
10.1109/TIM.2022.3170979
2-s2.0-85129624374
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Scopus
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1808129513946611712