Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198946 |
Resumo: | This study was carried to evaluate the effects of essential oils (EO) supplementation to sheep diets on their performance and ruminal fermentation characteristics through meta-analysis. Twenty-one peer-reviewed publications with 50 treatment means were included in the data set. The effects of EO as an additive in sheep diets were evaluated using random-effect models to examine the raw mean difference (RMD) between EO treatment (diets with EO inclusion as an additive) and control treatment (diets with no additives). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis performed for: animal age; EO supplementation period, experimental design; EO extraction methods; amount of EO and primary bioactive compound in EO. The major bioactive compounds in EO were: carnosic acid (25.71%), carvacrol (22.86%) and thymol (11.42%). Essential oils supplementation reduced average daily gain (RMD = -0.01 kg/day; P < .0001), slaughter weight (RMD = -0.77 kg; P = 0.02) and hot carcass weight (RMD = -0.56 kg; P = 0.01). Similarly, crude protein digestibility, rumen protozoa population and acetate concentration were depressed in animals receiving EO supplementation. Improvements on neutral detergent fiber digestibility and rumen concentration of propionate and butyrate were reported with EO supplementation. Among the covariates, inclusion levels of EO greater than 100 mg/kg of DM reduced average daily gain, whereas, inclusion levels greater than 200 mg/kg of DM, negatively impacted slaughter weight. The best results regarding rumen propionate and NH3-N concentrations were reported when EO were fed for less than 30 days, suggesting that an adaptation to the antimicrobial activity of essential oils may occur with time. The results reported in our meta-analysis demonstrate no effectiveness of EO in improving sheep performance. |
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Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheepcarcasslambPhytogenic additivesprotozoaThis study was carried to evaluate the effects of essential oils (EO) supplementation to sheep diets on their performance and ruminal fermentation characteristics through meta-analysis. Twenty-one peer-reviewed publications with 50 treatment means were included in the data set. The effects of EO as an additive in sheep diets were evaluated using random-effect models to examine the raw mean difference (RMD) between EO treatment (diets with EO inclusion as an additive) and control treatment (diets with no additives). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis performed for: animal age; EO supplementation period, experimental design; EO extraction methods; amount of EO and primary bioactive compound in EO. The major bioactive compounds in EO were: carnosic acid (25.71%), carvacrol (22.86%) and thymol (11.42%). Essential oils supplementation reduced average daily gain (RMD = -0.01 kg/day; P < .0001), slaughter weight (RMD = -0.77 kg; P = 0.02) and hot carcass weight (RMD = -0.56 kg; P = 0.01). Similarly, crude protein digestibility, rumen protozoa population and acetate concentration were depressed in animals receiving EO supplementation. Improvements on neutral detergent fiber digestibility and rumen concentration of propionate and butyrate were reported with EO supplementation. Among the covariates, inclusion levels of EO greater than 100 mg/kg of DM reduced average daily gain, whereas, inclusion levels greater than 200 mg/kg of DM, negatively impacted slaughter weight. The best results regarding rumen propionate and NH3-N concentrations were reported when EO were fed for less than 30 days, suggesting that an adaptation to the antimicrobial activity of essential oils may occur with time. The results reported in our meta-analysis demonstrate no effectiveness of EO in improving sheep performance.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Animal Unit of Digestive and Metabolic Studies in the Department of Animal Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Dairy Cattle Research Laboratory Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus SinopDepartment of Agriculture Nutrition and Food Systems University of New HampshireDepartment of Animal Science Federal University of Espírito SantoAnimal Unit of Digestive and Metabolic Studies in the Department of Animal Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoUniversity of New HampshireFederal University of Espírito SantoTorres, R. N.S. [UNESP]Moura, D. C.Ghedini, C. P.Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP]Almeida, M. T.C.2020-12-12T01:26:19Z2020-12-12T01:26:19Z2020-08-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148Small Ruminant Research, v. 189.0921-4488http://hdl.handle.net/11449/19894610.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.1061482-s2.0-85086004697Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengSmall Ruminant Researchinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-22T21:09:57Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/198946Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T21:33:46.729093Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep |
title |
Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep |
spellingShingle |
Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP] carcass lamb Phytogenic additives protozoa |
title_short |
Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep |
title_full |
Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep |
title_fullStr |
Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep |
title_full_unstemmed |
Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep |
title_sort |
Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep |
author |
Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP] Moura, D. C. Ghedini, C. P. Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP] Almeida, M. T.C. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Moura, D. C. Ghedini, C. P. Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP] Almeida, M. T.C. |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso University of New Hampshire Federal University of Espírito Santo |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP] Moura, D. C. Ghedini, C. P. Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP] Almeida, M. T.C. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
carcass lamb Phytogenic additives protozoa |
topic |
carcass lamb Phytogenic additives protozoa |
description |
This study was carried to evaluate the effects of essential oils (EO) supplementation to sheep diets on their performance and ruminal fermentation characteristics through meta-analysis. Twenty-one peer-reviewed publications with 50 treatment means were included in the data set. The effects of EO as an additive in sheep diets were evaluated using random-effect models to examine the raw mean difference (RMD) between EO treatment (diets with EO inclusion as an additive) and control treatment (diets with no additives). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis performed for: animal age; EO supplementation period, experimental design; EO extraction methods; amount of EO and primary bioactive compound in EO. The major bioactive compounds in EO were: carnosic acid (25.71%), carvacrol (22.86%) and thymol (11.42%). Essential oils supplementation reduced average daily gain (RMD = -0.01 kg/day; P < .0001), slaughter weight (RMD = -0.77 kg; P = 0.02) and hot carcass weight (RMD = -0.56 kg; P = 0.01). Similarly, crude protein digestibility, rumen protozoa population and acetate concentration were depressed in animals receiving EO supplementation. Improvements on neutral detergent fiber digestibility and rumen concentration of propionate and butyrate were reported with EO supplementation. Among the covariates, inclusion levels of EO greater than 100 mg/kg of DM reduced average daily gain, whereas, inclusion levels greater than 200 mg/kg of DM, negatively impacted slaughter weight. The best results regarding rumen propionate and NH3-N concentrations were reported when EO were fed for less than 30 days, suggesting that an adaptation to the antimicrobial activity of essential oils may occur with time. The results reported in our meta-analysis demonstrate no effectiveness of EO in improving sheep performance. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-12-12T01:26:19Z 2020-12-12T01:26:19Z 2020-08-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148 Small Ruminant Research, v. 189. 0921-4488 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198946 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148 2-s2.0-85086004697 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198946 |
identifier_str_mv |
Small Ruminant Research, v. 189. 0921-4488 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148 2-s2.0-85086004697 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Small Ruminant Research |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1808129336169988096 |