Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP]
Data de Publicação: 2020
Outros Autores: Moura, D. C., Ghedini, C. P., Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP], Almeida, M. T.C.
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198946
Resumo: This study was carried to evaluate the effects of essential oils (EO) supplementation to sheep diets on their performance and ruminal fermentation characteristics through meta-analysis. Twenty-one peer-reviewed publications with 50 treatment means were included in the data set. The effects of EO as an additive in sheep diets were evaluated using random-effect models to examine the raw mean difference (RMD) between EO treatment (diets with EO inclusion as an additive) and control treatment (diets with no additives). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis performed for: animal age; EO supplementation period, experimental design; EO extraction methods; amount of EO and primary bioactive compound in EO. The major bioactive compounds in EO were: carnosic acid (25.71%), carvacrol (22.86%) and thymol (11.42%). Essential oils supplementation reduced average daily gain (RMD = -0.01 kg/day; P < .0001), slaughter weight (RMD = -0.77 kg; P = 0.02) and hot carcass weight (RMD = -0.56 kg; P = 0.01). Similarly, crude protein digestibility, rumen protozoa population and acetate concentration were depressed in animals receiving EO supplementation. Improvements on neutral detergent fiber digestibility and rumen concentration of propionate and butyrate were reported with EO supplementation. Among the covariates, inclusion levels of EO greater than 100 mg/kg of DM reduced average daily gain, whereas, inclusion levels greater than 200 mg/kg of DM, negatively impacted slaughter weight. The best results regarding rumen propionate and NH3-N concentrations were reported when EO were fed for less than 30 days, suggesting that an adaptation to the antimicrobial activity of essential oils may occur with time. The results reported in our meta-analysis demonstrate no effectiveness of EO in improving sheep performance.
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spelling Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheepcarcasslambPhytogenic additivesprotozoaThis study was carried to evaluate the effects of essential oils (EO) supplementation to sheep diets on their performance and ruminal fermentation characteristics through meta-analysis. Twenty-one peer-reviewed publications with 50 treatment means were included in the data set. The effects of EO as an additive in sheep diets were evaluated using random-effect models to examine the raw mean difference (RMD) between EO treatment (diets with EO inclusion as an additive) and control treatment (diets with no additives). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis performed for: animal age; EO supplementation period, experimental design; EO extraction methods; amount of EO and primary bioactive compound in EO. The major bioactive compounds in EO were: carnosic acid (25.71%), carvacrol (22.86%) and thymol (11.42%). Essential oils supplementation reduced average daily gain (RMD = -0.01 kg/day; P < .0001), slaughter weight (RMD = -0.77 kg; P = 0.02) and hot carcass weight (RMD = -0.56 kg; P = 0.01). Similarly, crude protein digestibility, rumen protozoa population and acetate concentration were depressed in animals receiving EO supplementation. Improvements on neutral detergent fiber digestibility and rumen concentration of propionate and butyrate were reported with EO supplementation. Among the covariates, inclusion levels of EO greater than 100 mg/kg of DM reduced average daily gain, whereas, inclusion levels greater than 200 mg/kg of DM, negatively impacted slaughter weight. The best results regarding rumen propionate and NH3-N concentrations were reported when EO were fed for less than 30 days, suggesting that an adaptation to the antimicrobial activity of essential oils may occur with time. The results reported in our meta-analysis demonstrate no effectiveness of EO in improving sheep performance.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Animal Unit of Digestive and Metabolic Studies in the Department of Animal Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Dairy Cattle Research Laboratory Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus SinopDepartment of Agriculture Nutrition and Food Systems University of New HampshireDepartment of Animal Science Federal University of Espírito SantoAnimal Unit of Digestive and Metabolic Studies in the Department of Animal Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoUniversity of New HampshireFederal University of Espírito SantoTorres, R. N.S. [UNESP]Moura, D. C.Ghedini, C. P.Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP]Almeida, M. T.C.2020-12-12T01:26:19Z2020-12-12T01:26:19Z2020-08-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148Small Ruminant Research, v. 189.0921-4488http://hdl.handle.net/11449/19894610.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.1061482-s2.0-85086004697Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengSmall Ruminant Researchinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-22T21:09:57Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/198946Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T21:33:46.729093Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
title Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
spellingShingle Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP]
carcass
lamb
Phytogenic additives
protozoa
title_short Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
title_full Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
title_fullStr Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
title_full_unstemmed Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
title_sort Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils on ruminal fermentation and performance of sheep
author Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP]
author_facet Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP]
Moura, D. C.
Ghedini, C. P.
Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP]
Almeida, M. T.C.
author_role author
author2 Moura, D. C.
Ghedini, C. P.
Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP]
Almeida, M. T.C.
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
University of New Hampshire
Federal University of Espírito Santo
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Torres, R. N.S. [UNESP]
Moura, D. C.
Ghedini, C. P.
Ezequiel, J. M.B. [UNESP]
Almeida, M. T.C.
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv carcass
lamb
Phytogenic additives
protozoa
topic carcass
lamb
Phytogenic additives
protozoa
description This study was carried to evaluate the effects of essential oils (EO) supplementation to sheep diets on their performance and ruminal fermentation characteristics through meta-analysis. Twenty-one peer-reviewed publications with 50 treatment means were included in the data set. The effects of EO as an additive in sheep diets were evaluated using random-effect models to examine the raw mean difference (RMD) between EO treatment (diets with EO inclusion as an additive) and control treatment (diets with no additives). Heterogeneity was explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis performed for: animal age; EO supplementation period, experimental design; EO extraction methods; amount of EO and primary bioactive compound in EO. The major bioactive compounds in EO were: carnosic acid (25.71%), carvacrol (22.86%) and thymol (11.42%). Essential oils supplementation reduced average daily gain (RMD = -0.01 kg/day; P < .0001), slaughter weight (RMD = -0.77 kg; P = 0.02) and hot carcass weight (RMD = -0.56 kg; P = 0.01). Similarly, crude protein digestibility, rumen protozoa population and acetate concentration were depressed in animals receiving EO supplementation. Improvements on neutral detergent fiber digestibility and rumen concentration of propionate and butyrate were reported with EO supplementation. Among the covariates, inclusion levels of EO greater than 100 mg/kg of DM reduced average daily gain, whereas, inclusion levels greater than 200 mg/kg of DM, negatively impacted slaughter weight. The best results regarding rumen propionate and NH3-N concentrations were reported when EO were fed for less than 30 days, suggesting that an adaptation to the antimicrobial activity of essential oils may occur with time. The results reported in our meta-analysis demonstrate no effectiveness of EO in improving sheep performance.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-12-12T01:26:19Z
2020-12-12T01:26:19Z
2020-08-01
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148
Small Ruminant Research, v. 189.
0921-4488
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198946
10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148
2-s2.0-85086004697
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198946
identifier_str_mv Small Ruminant Research, v. 189.
0921-4488
10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106148
2-s2.0-85086004697
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Small Ruminant Research
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Scopus
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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