Risk factors for frontal fibrosing alopecia: A case-control study in a multiracial population

• Autor(a) principal: Ramos, Paulo Müller [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: Anzai, Alessandra, Duque-Estrada, Bruna, Farias, Debora Cadore, Melo, Daniel Fernandes, Mulinari-Brenner, Fabiane, Pinto, Giselle Martins, Abraham, Leonardo Spagnol, Santos, Leopoldo Duailibe Nogueira, Pirmez, Rodrigo, Miot, Hélio Amante [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.08.076; http://hdl.handle.net/11449/233080
• topic: case-control; frontal fibrosing alopecia; risk factors; sunscreens; tobacco

Background: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a chronic cicatricial alopecia with unknown etiology and a worldwide rising incidence. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of FFA with demographic and exposure factors in a Brazilian multiracial population. Methods: A multicenter case-control study was conducted in 11 referral centers throughout Brazil. The study was a case-control study that prospectively recruited 902 participants (451 patients with FFA and 451 sex-matched control individuals). Study participants completed a thorough questionnaire comprising variables grouped as baseline demographics, environmental exposure, diet, hormonal factors, allergies, and hair and skin care. Results: When adjusted by sex, age, menopause, and skin color, FFA was associated with hair straightening with formalin (odds ratio [OR], 3.18), use of ordinary (nondermatologic) facial soap (OR, 2.09) and facial moisturizer (OR, 1.99), thyroid disorders (OR, 1.69), and rosacea (OR, 2.08). Smokers (OR, 0.33) and users of antiresidue/clarifying shampoo (OR, 0.35) presented a negative association with FFA. There was no association with the use of sunscreen. Limitations: Recall bias. Conclusions: The association with moisturizers, ordinary facial soap, and hair straightening with formalin and the negative association with antiresidue/clarifying shampoo reinforce the possibility of an exogenous particle triggering FFA.