Uso de probiótico e óleos essenciais na ração sobre a microbiota intestinal, atividade de enzimas digestivas e a expressão de genes relacionados aos processos de digestão e absorção de nutrientes em frangos

• Autor(a) principal: Fernandez Alarcon, Miguel Frederico [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123809; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/12-05-2015/000830299.pdf
• topic: Frango de corte; Antibioticos na nutrição animal; Enzimas digestivas; Intestinos; Probióticos; Probiotics

It was hypothesized that, when added to the feed, avilamycin (antibiotic growth promoter), Bacillus subtilis (probiotic) and essential oils (carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, cineol and pepper extract) increase growth performance of broilers through benefits on intestinal mucosa and its microbiota. In Chapter 1 we present a literature review on the subject, which allowed us to draw such hypothesis. The specific objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of these feed additives nat 7 21 and 42 days of life on: 1) the growth performance; 2) SLC15A1, SLC5A1, SLC2A2, ATP1A1 mRNA levels (respectively encoding PepT1, SGLT1, GLUT2 and Na-K-ATPase) in the jejunum; 3) activities of alkaline phosphatase, maltase and aminopeptidase from the brush border membranes of the jejunum; 4) intestinal glucose absorption of in vitro; 5) 16S rDNA copy numbers of the major bacterial groups in association with the ileum mucosa. 6) morphology of the intestinal villi; All data were also evaluated over the time course, except for the performance data. Therefore, 1320 broiler chickens were divided among five treatments, according to supplementation [basal diet as control (CON); Bacillus subtilis (BS); Bacillus subtilis + essential oils (BS + EOs); essential oils (EOs); avilamycin as positive control (AVI)]. The results of Chapter 2 demonstrated that supplementation of BS promoted greater expression of SLC15A1, while EOs and AVI increased the activities of both IAP and APN. Analysis over time revealed an increase in the amount of mRNA MGAM, SLC2A2, SLC15A1, SLC5A1 and SI from seven to 42 days. IAP was reduced after seven days, while MALT increased with age. Addition of Bacillus subtilis or essential oils in the diet induces changes in the expression of genes and activities of enzymes related to sugars and peptides utilization, but did not improve growth performance. In Chapter 3 it was shown that supplementation with BS or EOs supplementation promotes momentary ...