Dynamical thermalization in time-dependent billiards

• Autor(a) principal: Hansen, Matheus
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Outros Autores: Ciro, David, Caldas, Iberê L., Leonel, Edson D. [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5120023; http://hdl.handle.net/11449/198028

Numerical experiments of the statistical evolution of an ensemble of noninteracting particles in a time-dependent billiard with inelastic collisions reveals the existence of three statistical regimes for the evolution of the speed ensemble, namely, diffusion plateau, normal growth/exponential decay, and stagnation. These regimes are linked numerically to the transition from Gauss-like to Boltzmann-like speed distributions. Furthermore, the different evolution regimes are obtained analytically through velocity-space diffusion analysis. From these calculations, the asymptotic root mean square of speed, initial plateau, and the growth/decay rates for an intermediate number of collisions are determined in terms of the system parameters. The analytical calculations match the numerical experiments and point to a dynamical mechanism for thermalization, where inelastic collisions and a high-dimensional phase space lead to a bounded diffusion in the velocity space toward a stationary distribution function with a kind of reservoir temperature determined by the boundary oscillation amplitude and the restitution coefficient.