Análise da expansão urbana, da vegetação e uso do solo e seus reflexos nas APP de Santa Gertrudes / SP: 1995 a 2016

• Autor(a) principal: Alvarinho, Helton Henrique [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/156056; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2017-08-30/000890196.pdf
• topic: Geografia urbana; Vegetação - Mapeamento; Solo - Uso; Solo urbano - Uso; Área de preservação permanente; Industrialização; Urbanização; Nascentes; Geotecnologia ambiental; Geoprocessamento; Planejamento urbano; Santa Gertrudes (SP) - 1995-2016

Since the early twentieth century many brazilian cities have experienced an accelerated process of industrialization-urbanization, focusing migrants from the countryside to urban centers, where that now live more than 80% of the population. However, this growth occurred in a disorderly manner, without any consideration to the physical environment, and has been responsible for bringing great harm to the environment and the population. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the urban expansion of the city, and its consequences in Areas of Permanent Protection (APP) of the streams, springs and impoundments inserted in the urban area of the municipality of Santa Gertrudes-SP, covering the scenarios of 1995, 2010 and 2016 through the use of geotechnology and geoprocessing techniques. To this end, it performed the urban land use mapping in the three scenarios through Photointerpretation sensor products, and manual vectorization of the features of interest in ArcGIS 10.1 software. For the generation of the declivity of the urban area map, they were manually vectorized contours and elevation points obtained from topographic maps. Also, based on Law No. 12,651 / 12, 2012, relating to the Permanent Protection Areas (PPA), the protective strips were generated in the three scenarios; the tracks were superimposed to urban land use maps for obtaining the Conflict Use Map of the three scenarios. Still, were vectorized the Pedological (IAC, 1977) and Geological (CPRM, 2014) maps of Santa Gertrudes. Thus, through the theoretical framework, the thematic maps, and field work, it was found that the expansion of the city has always been closely linked to the development of ceramic industry, putting pressure on the primary activities of the territory, which still dominate most plot of land use in the urban area, occupying areas suitable for urbanization. With respect to APP, it was found that despite the increase in vegetation, especially in riparian forests and...