Síntese e caracterização de nanocompósitos constituídos por nanoargila e hidrogel para uso agrícola

• Autor(a) principal: Ferreira Junior, Carlos Roberto [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138455; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/15-04-2016/000864237.pdf
• topic: Produtos químicos agrícolas; Adubos e fertilizantes; Nanotecnologia; Agricultural chemicals

The main objective of controlled release systems is to maintain the concentration of certain solute within efficiency level by desired period from a single dose. In the agrochemical case, such technology helps to reduce impacts in the environment. The use of hydrogels as controlled release carrier emerged as a prospective means for exhibit some properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility and no toxicity. Hydrogel with dispersed nanoclay comprise a new class of nanocomposites that combine the elasticity and permeability of hydrogels with high nanoclay capability to absorb different substances. In this dissertation, nanostructured hydrogels obtained from methacrylic acid (MAA) and varied Cloisite-Na + nanoclay content were synthesized and characterized. The hydrophilic characteristic of the hydrogels was investigated by degree of swelling (Q) using pure water and in saline solutions as swelling media. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) identified the characteristic bands of the poly (methacrylic acid) (PMAA), nanoclay and a possible interaction between them. The dispersion of the nanoclay platelets in the polymeric matrix was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) identified a homogeneous morphology, with visibly uniform pores. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) showed elements coming of the nanoclay in the nanocomposite, confirming the interaction between both. Thermal properties, performed by thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) analyzes and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), showed a better thermal performance of the nanocomposites when compared to pure hydrogel. Finally, preliminary tests of controlled release were done and indicated that the nanocomposites present great potential to be applied in agriculture, especially as carrier vehicle in the controlled release of fertilizers