Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2009 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-9-17 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/71040 |
Resumo: | Background: Evidences have showed that the incidence of arterial hypertension is greater in postmenopausal women as compared to premenopausal. Physical inactivity has been implicated as a major contributor to weight gain and abdominal obesity in postmenopausal women and the incidence of cardiovascular disease increases dramatically after menopause. Additionally, more women than men die each year of coronary heart disease and are twice as likely as men to die within the first year after a heart attack. A healthy lifestyle has been strongly associated with the regular physical activity and evidences have shown that physically active subjects have more longevity with reduction of morbidity and mortality. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial cells has been implicated in this beneficial effect with improvement of vascular relaxing and reduction in blood pressure in both laboratory animals and human. Although the effect of exercise training in the human cardiovascular system has been largely studied, the majority of these studies were predominantly conducted in men or young volunteers. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the effects of 6 months of dynamic exercise training (ET) on blood pressure and plasma nitrate/nitrite concentration (NOx-) in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Methods: Eleven volunteers were submitted to the ET consisting in 3 days a week, each session of 60 minutes during 6 months at moderate intensity (50% of heart rate reserve). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, NOx- concentration were measured at initial time and after ET. Results: A significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure values was seen after ET which was accompanied by markedly increase of NOx- levels (basal: 10 ± 0.9; ET: 16 ± 2 μM). Total cholesterol was significantly reduced (basal: 220 ± 38 and ET: 178 ± 22 mg/dl), whereas triglycerides levels were not modified after ET (basal: 141 ± 89 and ET: 147 ± 8 mg/dl). Conclusion: Our study shows that changing in lifestyle promotes reducftion of arterial pressure which was accompanied by increase in nitrite/nitrate concentration. Therefore, 6-months of exercise training are an important approach in management arterial hypertension and play a protective effect in postmenopausal women. © 2009 Zaros et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. |
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Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal womennitratenitric oxidetriacylglycerolcholesterolnitriteadultanthropometryblood pressure monitoringbody masscholesterol blood levelclinical articlediastolic blood pressuredynamic exerciseenzyme blood levelfemaleglucose blood levelheart ratehumanhypertensionpostmenopausesystolic blood pressuretreatment durationtreatment responsetriacylglycerol blood levelwaist hip ratiobloodblood pressureclinical trialkinesiotherapymethodologymiddle agedtreatment outcomeBlood PressureBody Mass IndexCholesterolExercise TherapyFemaleHeart RateHumansHypertensionMiddle AgedNitratesNitritesPostmenopauseTreatment OutcomeBackground: Evidences have showed that the incidence of arterial hypertension is greater in postmenopausal women as compared to premenopausal. Physical inactivity has been implicated as a major contributor to weight gain and abdominal obesity in postmenopausal women and the incidence of cardiovascular disease increases dramatically after menopause. Additionally, more women than men die each year of coronary heart disease and are twice as likely as men to die within the first year after a heart attack. A healthy lifestyle has been strongly associated with the regular physical activity and evidences have shown that physically active subjects have more longevity with reduction of morbidity and mortality. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial cells has been implicated in this beneficial effect with improvement of vascular relaxing and reduction in blood pressure in both laboratory animals and human. Although the effect of exercise training in the human cardiovascular system has been largely studied, the majority of these studies were predominantly conducted in men or young volunteers. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the effects of 6 months of dynamic exercise training (ET) on blood pressure and plasma nitrate/nitrite concentration (NOx-) in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Methods: Eleven volunteers were submitted to the ET consisting in 3 days a week, each session of 60 minutes during 6 months at moderate intensity (50% of heart rate reserve). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, NOx- concentration were measured at initial time and after ET. Results: A significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure values was seen after ET which was accompanied by markedly increase of NOx- levels (basal: 10 ± 0.9; ET: 16 ± 2 μM). Total cholesterol was significantly reduced (basal: 220 ± 38 and ET: 178 ± 22 mg/dl), whereas triglycerides levels were not modified after ET (basal: 141 ± 89 and ET: 147 ± 8 mg/dl). Conclusion: Our study shows that changing in lifestyle promotes reducftion of arterial pressure which was accompanied by increase in nitrite/nitrate concentration. Therefore, 6-months of exercise training are an important approach in management arterial hypertension and play a protective effect in postmenopausal women. © 2009 Zaros et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.Department of Physical Education Institute of Biosciences University of Sao Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, SPDepartmento of Biochemistry University of Sao Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, SPInstitute of Physical Activity and Sports Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo, SPDepartment of Physical Education Institute of Biosciences University of Sao Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, SPDepartmento of Biochemistry University of Sao Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Cruzeiro do Sul UniversityZaros, Pedro R. [UNESP]Pires, Carla E.M. Romero [UNESP]Bacci Jr., Mauricio [UNESP]Moraes, CamilaZanesco, Angelina [UNESP]2014-05-27T11:23:55Z2014-05-27T11:23:55Z2009-06-19info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-9-17BMC Women's Health, v. 9.1472-6874http://hdl.handle.net/11449/7104010.1186/1472-6874-9-172-s2.0-682491566032-s2.0-68249156603.pdf4472007237545596Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengBMC Women's Health1.8060,931info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-01-11T06:27:53Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/71040Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T22:41:31.560204Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women |
title |
Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women |
spellingShingle |
Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women Zaros, Pedro R. [UNESP] nitrate nitric oxide triacylglycerol cholesterol nitrite adult anthropometry blood pressure monitoring body mass cholesterol blood level clinical article diastolic blood pressure dynamic exercise enzyme blood level female glucose blood level heart rate human hypertension postmenopause systolic blood pressure treatment duration treatment response triacylglycerol blood level waist hip ratio blood blood pressure clinical trial kinesiotherapy methodology middle aged treatment outcome Blood Pressure Body Mass Index Cholesterol Exercise Therapy Female Heart Rate Humans Hypertension Middle Aged Nitrates Nitrites Postmenopause Treatment Outcome |
title_short |
Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women |
title_full |
Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women |
title_fullStr |
Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women |
title_sort |
Effect of 6-months of physical exercise on the nitrate/nitrite levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women |
author |
Zaros, Pedro R. [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Zaros, Pedro R. [UNESP] Pires, Carla E.M. Romero [UNESP] Bacci Jr., Mauricio [UNESP] Moraes, Camila Zanesco, Angelina [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pires, Carla E.M. Romero [UNESP] Bacci Jr., Mauricio [UNESP] Moraes, Camila Zanesco, Angelina [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Cruzeiro do Sul University |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Zaros, Pedro R. [UNESP] Pires, Carla E.M. Romero [UNESP] Bacci Jr., Mauricio [UNESP] Moraes, Camila Zanesco, Angelina [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
nitrate nitric oxide triacylglycerol cholesterol nitrite adult anthropometry blood pressure monitoring body mass cholesterol blood level clinical article diastolic blood pressure dynamic exercise enzyme blood level female glucose blood level heart rate human hypertension postmenopause systolic blood pressure treatment duration treatment response triacylglycerol blood level waist hip ratio blood blood pressure clinical trial kinesiotherapy methodology middle aged treatment outcome Blood Pressure Body Mass Index Cholesterol Exercise Therapy Female Heart Rate Humans Hypertension Middle Aged Nitrates Nitrites Postmenopause Treatment Outcome |
topic |
nitrate nitric oxide triacylglycerol cholesterol nitrite adult anthropometry blood pressure monitoring body mass cholesterol blood level clinical article diastolic blood pressure dynamic exercise enzyme blood level female glucose blood level heart rate human hypertension postmenopause systolic blood pressure treatment duration treatment response triacylglycerol blood level waist hip ratio blood blood pressure clinical trial kinesiotherapy methodology middle aged treatment outcome Blood Pressure Body Mass Index Cholesterol Exercise Therapy Female Heart Rate Humans Hypertension Middle Aged Nitrates Nitrites Postmenopause Treatment Outcome |
description |
Background: Evidences have showed that the incidence of arterial hypertension is greater in postmenopausal women as compared to premenopausal. Physical inactivity has been implicated as a major contributor to weight gain and abdominal obesity in postmenopausal women and the incidence of cardiovascular disease increases dramatically after menopause. Additionally, more women than men die each year of coronary heart disease and are twice as likely as men to die within the first year after a heart attack. A healthy lifestyle has been strongly associated with the regular physical activity and evidences have shown that physically active subjects have more longevity with reduction of morbidity and mortality. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial cells has been implicated in this beneficial effect with improvement of vascular relaxing and reduction in blood pressure in both laboratory animals and human. Although the effect of exercise training in the human cardiovascular system has been largely studied, the majority of these studies were predominantly conducted in men or young volunteers. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the effects of 6 months of dynamic exercise training (ET) on blood pressure and plasma nitrate/nitrite concentration (NOx-) in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Methods: Eleven volunteers were submitted to the ET consisting in 3 days a week, each session of 60 minutes during 6 months at moderate intensity (50% of heart rate reserve). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, NOx- concentration were measured at initial time and after ET. Results: A significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure values was seen after ET which was accompanied by markedly increase of NOx- levels (basal: 10 ± 0.9; ET: 16 ± 2 μM). Total cholesterol was significantly reduced (basal: 220 ± 38 and ET: 178 ± 22 mg/dl), whereas triglycerides levels were not modified after ET (basal: 141 ± 89 and ET: 147 ± 8 mg/dl). Conclusion: Our study shows that changing in lifestyle promotes reducftion of arterial pressure which was accompanied by increase in nitrite/nitrate concentration. Therefore, 6-months of exercise training are an important approach in management arterial hypertension and play a protective effect in postmenopausal women. © 2009 Zaros et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. |
publishDate |
2009 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2009-06-19 2014-05-27T11:23:55Z 2014-05-27T11:23:55Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-9-17 BMC Women's Health, v. 9. 1472-6874 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/71040 10.1186/1472-6874-9-17 2-s2.0-68249156603 2-s2.0-68249156603.pdf 4472007237545596 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-9-17 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/71040 |
identifier_str_mv |
BMC Women's Health, v. 9. 1472-6874 10.1186/1472-6874-9-17 2-s2.0-68249156603 2-s2.0-68249156603.pdf 4472007237545596 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
BMC Women's Health 1.806 0,931 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
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UNESP |
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UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
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