Helmintos gastrointestinais de toninha, Pontoporia blainvillei (Cetacea; Pontoporiidae), do litoral de São Paulo, Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Seabra, Camila Brandão [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/155065; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2017-03-14/000868831.pdf
• topic: Cetaceo; Parasitologia; Helmintologia médica; Toninha (Cetaceo); Medical helminthology; Baixada Santista (SP)

The toninha, Pontoporia blainvillei, small cetacean endangered, occurs in the Western South Atlantic and its main cause of mortality throughout their range accidental capture by fishing artifacts. Parasitic infections are very common in wild marine mammals and the use of these parasites have been very useful as a source of information on various aspects of the biology of their hosts, including the identification of population stocks. The gastrointestinal tract of 28 toninhas, accidentally captured off the coast of São Paulo, Brazil between the years 2005 and 2015, was analyzed for helminth parasites collection and determination of their level of infection. Corynosoma cetaceum species were found (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae), Synthesium pontoporiae (Digenea: Brachycladiidae), Synthesium sp. (Digenea: Brachycladiidae) and Procamallanus sp. (Nematoda: Camallanidae). No parasite was found in the analyzed esophagus. C. cetaceum was only found parasitizing the cavities of the stomach, mainly the stomach and the pyloric S. pontoporiae was found both in the stomach and in the intestine, but preferably the first portions of the small intestine. We have found no parasite in the stomachs of young individuals. We calculated the parasitological indices relating to prevalence, mean abundance and mean intensity of infection in each of the found parasites. There was a significant difference in parasite load in the different age classes in which adults showed higher parasitological rates than young individuals. The parasitological indexes did not vary significantly between the sexes of the hosts, but Corynosoma cetaceum had higher prevalence rates, abundance and mean intensity of infection in females and Synthesium pontoporiae highest rates in males. The parasitic fauna Pontoporia blainvillei component consists of two species: Corynosoma cetaceum (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae), Synthesium pontoporiae (Digenea: Brachycladiidae). The species Synthesium sp...