Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610187 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/237674 |
Resumo: | The Pantanal is the world's largest and most biodiverse continental sheet-flow wetland. Recently, vast tracts of the Pantanal have succumbed to the occurrence of fires, raising serious concerns over the future integrity of the biodiversity and ecosystem services of this biome, including revenues from ecotourism. These wildfires degrade the baseline of natural ecosystems and the ecotourism economy across the region. Local residents (Pantaneiros) anecdotally state that extensive cattle herbivory can solve the contemporary flammability problem of the Pantanal by controlling vegetation biomass, thereby preventing or reducing both fuel loads and fires across the region. Here, we examine the covariation between the presence and density of cattle and the incidence of fires across the Brazilian Pantanal. Variables assessed included bovine cattle density, SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index), GPP (Gross Primary Productivity)/biomass estimate, and fire foci along a 19-year time series (2001 to 2019). Our findings show that fire foci across the Pantanal biome are related to climatic variables, such as lower annual precipitation and higher annual drought indices (SPI) rather than to cattle stocking rates. Therefore, the notion of cattle firefighting, a popular concept often discussed in some academic circles, cannot be validated because cattle numbers are unrelated to aboveground phytomass. Gross primary productivity further invalidated the cattle herbivory hypothesis because GPP was found to be strongly correlated with cattle density but not with the spatial distribution of fires. Fires throughout the Pantanal are currently aggravated by the presence of livestock and result from a combination of extreme weather events and outdated agricultural practices. |
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Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking DensityBiomeBiomassGross primary productionStandardized Precipitation IndexThe Pantanal is the world's largest and most biodiverse continental sheet-flow wetland. Recently, vast tracts of the Pantanal have succumbed to the occurrence of fires, raising serious concerns over the future integrity of the biodiversity and ecosystem services of this biome, including revenues from ecotourism. These wildfires degrade the baseline of natural ecosystems and the ecotourism economy across the region. Local residents (Pantaneiros) anecdotally state that extensive cattle herbivory can solve the contemporary flammability problem of the Pantanal by controlling vegetation biomass, thereby preventing or reducing both fuel loads and fires across the region. Here, we examine the covariation between the presence and density of cattle and the incidence of fires across the Brazilian Pantanal. Variables assessed included bovine cattle density, SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index), GPP (Gross Primary Productivity)/biomass estimate, and fire foci along a 19-year time series (2001 to 2019). Our findings show that fire foci across the Pantanal biome are related to climatic variables, such as lower annual precipitation and higher annual drought indices (SPI) rather than to cattle stocking rates. Therefore, the notion of cattle firefighting, a popular concept often discussed in some academic circles, cannot be validated because cattle numbers are unrelated to aboveground phytomass. Gross primary productivity further invalidated the cattle herbivory hypothesis because GPP was found to be strongly correlated with cattle density but not with the spatial distribution of fires. Fires throughout the Pantanal are currently aggravated by the presence of livestock and result from a combination of extreme weather events and outdated agricultural practices.Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Universidade do Estado do Mato Grosso (UNEMAT)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundacao de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fed Univ Mato Grosso do Sul UFMS, Dept Agron, BR-79560000 Chapadao Do Sul, MS, BrazilState Univ Sao Paulo UNESP, Dept Agron, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, BrazilState Univ Mato Grosso UNEMAT, Dept Biol, BR-78580000 Alta Floresta, MT, BrazilState Univ Mato Grosso UNEMAT, Programa Posgrad Biodiversidade & Biotecnol Amazo, BR-78555000 Sinop, MT, BrazilFed Rural Univ Rio de Janeiro UFRRJ, Forest Inst, Dept Environm Sci, BR-23897000 Seropedica, RJ, BrazilUniv East Anglia UEA, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, EnglandState Univ Mato Grosso UNEMAT, Dept Geog, BR-78555000 Sinop, MT, BrazilState Univ Sao Paulo UNESP, Dept Agron, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, BrazilCNPq: 303767/2020-0CNPq: 309250/2021-8Fundacao de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT): 88/2021Fundacao de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT): 07/2022Fundacao de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT): 30478Fundacao de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT): 31333CAPES: 001MdpiUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)State Univ Mato Grosso UNEMATFed Rural Univ Rio de Janeiro UFRRJUniv East Anglia UEATeodoro, Paulo EduardoMaria, Luciano de Souza [UNESP]Rodrigues, Jessica Marciella AlmeidaSilva, Adriana de Avila eSilva, Maiara Cristina Metzdorf daSouza, Samara Santos deRossi, Fernando Saragosa [UNESP]Teodoro, Larissa Pereira RibeiroDella-Silva, Joao LucasDelgado, Rafael CollLima, MendelsonPeres, Carlos A.Silva Junior, Carlos Antonio da2022-11-30T13:41:36Z2022-11-30T13:41:36Z2022-08-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article16http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610187Sustainability. Basel: Mdpi, v. 14, n. 16, 16 p., 2022.2071-1050http://hdl.handle.net/11449/23767410.3390/su141610187WOS:000845183900001Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengSustainabilityinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-11-30T13:41:36Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/237674Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462022-11-30T13:41:36Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density |
title |
Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density |
spellingShingle |
Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo Biome Biomass Gross primary production Standardized Precipitation Index |
title_short |
Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density |
title_full |
Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density |
title_fullStr |
Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density |
title_sort |
Wildfire Incidence throughout the Brazilian Pantanal Is Driven by Local Climate Rather Than Bovine Stocking Density |
author |
Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo |
author_facet |
Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo Maria, Luciano de Souza [UNESP] Rodrigues, Jessica Marciella Almeida Silva, Adriana de Avila e Silva, Maiara Cristina Metzdorf da Souza, Samara Santos de Rossi, Fernando Saragosa [UNESP] Teodoro, Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Della-Silva, Joao Lucas Delgado, Rafael Coll Lima, Mendelson Peres, Carlos A. Silva Junior, Carlos Antonio da |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Maria, Luciano de Souza [UNESP] Rodrigues, Jessica Marciella Almeida Silva, Adriana de Avila e Silva, Maiara Cristina Metzdorf da Souza, Samara Santos de Rossi, Fernando Saragosa [UNESP] Teodoro, Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Della-Silva, Joao Lucas Delgado, Rafael Coll Lima, Mendelson Peres, Carlos A. Silva Junior, Carlos Antonio da |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) State Univ Mato Grosso UNEMAT Fed Rural Univ Rio de Janeiro UFRRJ Univ East Anglia UEA |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo Maria, Luciano de Souza [UNESP] Rodrigues, Jessica Marciella Almeida Silva, Adriana de Avila e Silva, Maiara Cristina Metzdorf da Souza, Samara Santos de Rossi, Fernando Saragosa [UNESP] Teodoro, Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Della-Silva, Joao Lucas Delgado, Rafael Coll Lima, Mendelson Peres, Carlos A. Silva Junior, Carlos Antonio da |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Biome Biomass Gross primary production Standardized Precipitation Index |
topic |
Biome Biomass Gross primary production Standardized Precipitation Index |
description |
The Pantanal is the world's largest and most biodiverse continental sheet-flow wetland. Recently, vast tracts of the Pantanal have succumbed to the occurrence of fires, raising serious concerns over the future integrity of the biodiversity and ecosystem services of this biome, including revenues from ecotourism. These wildfires degrade the baseline of natural ecosystems and the ecotourism economy across the region. Local residents (Pantaneiros) anecdotally state that extensive cattle herbivory can solve the contemporary flammability problem of the Pantanal by controlling vegetation biomass, thereby preventing or reducing both fuel loads and fires across the region. Here, we examine the covariation between the presence and density of cattle and the incidence of fires across the Brazilian Pantanal. Variables assessed included bovine cattle density, SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index), GPP (Gross Primary Productivity)/biomass estimate, and fire foci along a 19-year time series (2001 to 2019). Our findings show that fire foci across the Pantanal biome are related to climatic variables, such as lower annual precipitation and higher annual drought indices (SPI) rather than to cattle stocking rates. Therefore, the notion of cattle firefighting, a popular concept often discussed in some academic circles, cannot be validated because cattle numbers are unrelated to aboveground phytomass. Gross primary productivity further invalidated the cattle herbivory hypothesis because GPP was found to be strongly correlated with cattle density but not with the spatial distribution of fires. Fires throughout the Pantanal are currently aggravated by the presence of livestock and result from a combination of extreme weather events and outdated agricultural practices. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-30T13:41:36Z 2022-11-30T13:41:36Z 2022-08-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610187 Sustainability. Basel: Mdpi, v. 14, n. 16, 16 p., 2022. 2071-1050 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/237674 10.3390/su141610187 WOS:000845183900001 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610187 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/237674 |
identifier_str_mv |
Sustainability. Basel: Mdpi, v. 14, n. 16, 16 p., 2022. 2071-1050 10.3390/su141610187 WOS:000845183900001 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Sustainability |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
16 |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Mdpi |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Mdpi |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799965092697079808 |